Hypertension Among Persons Living With HIV in Medical Care in the United States—Medical Monitoring Project, 2013–2014

Olaiya, Oluwatosin; Weiser, John; Zhou, Wen; Patel, Pragna; Bradley, Heather

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofy028

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Some studies have shown that demographic and socio-economic factors such as age, gender, race, level of education and income are associated with hypertension in PLHIV [ 30 ]. For example a study in Ethiopia found that HIV diagnosed patients with some education and an average monthly income were significantly more likely to develop hypertension [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time to hypertension development among people living with HIV in South Africa: A longitudinal analysis of the National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS)

Godongwana

Wet

2021

Heliyon

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Introduction There is an increased risk of hypertension among people living with HIV (PLWH). Older age has been associated with a higher risk of chronic conditions. In this study, we assess the time taken before adults living with HIV develop hypertension and explore the factors associated with hypertension diagnosis among PLWH. Methods Retrospective analysis on (n = 95 701) HIV positive adults from the longitudinal survey data from the National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS) in South Africa was performed. The adults (18–75 years) were followed in order to determine the age of hypertension risk. Kaplan Meier survival estimates were used to show time to diagnosis. Multivariate cox regression model was used to determine the factors associated with hypertension diagnosis. Results 10.5% had HIV and hypertension at the start of the NID survey (wave 1:2008). Of the remaining (n = 85 569), over 75% aged 30–46 were at risk of developing hypertension. Thereafter the risk of hypertension comorbidity begins to decrease after the age of 45. In other words, the risk of hypertension began to reduce once the adults living with HIV turned 45 years old. There was no significant association between the development of hypertension comorbidity and the other demographic, socio-economic and health characteristics assessed. Conclusion Young adults living with HIV are also at risk of hypertension. HIV infected persons need to routinely screen for chronic diseases and started on treatment timeously.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time to hypertension development among people living with HIV in South Africa: A longitudinal analysis of the National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS)

Godongwana

Wet

2021

Heliyon

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“…4 Elderly PLWH are at greater risk of developing chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, and these conditions are increasingly prevalent in PLWH. [5][6][7] Furthermore, metabolic disease risk factors such as obesity may interact with HIV or ARV-related factors, thereby worsening existing comorbidities and/or complicating patient care. 8 Recent studies have shown that initiating ARV therapy leads to weight gain, from a few kilograms to >20% of original bodyweight, especially within the first year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-World Assessment of Weight Change in People with HIV-1 After Initiating Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors or Protease Inhibitors

Chen¹,

Hardy²,

Pericone³

et al. 2020

JHEOR

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Background: Studies have shown an increase in weight among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) who have also initiated integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI). However, limited data are available regarding comparison of these changes with other antiretroviral regimens. Objective: To assess differences in weight gain after initiating INSTI- versus protease inhibitor (PI)- based regimens among treatment-naïve PLWH overall, and among a subpopulation of females only. Methods: This retrospective, observational cohort study included data from the Optum® deidentified Electronic Health Record (EHR) database. Adult PLWH who initiated INSTI- or PI-based regimens between March 1, 2016 and June 30, 2018 (index date was the first INSTI or PI prescription in this period) with ≥12-month baseline and follow-up periods, ≥1 weight measure during each period, and no prior antiretroviral use were included. The last weight measure between 12 months pre- and 30 days post-index was defined as baseline weight; the last measure between the months 4 and 12 of follow-up was defined as post-weight. Weight change was reported as absolute change and proportion of patients with increased weight. Cohorts were balanced using propensity score (PS) matching. Multivariable models were used to compare outcomes of interest. Results: After matching, 1588 patients were included (794 per cohort). At baseline, 46% were <50 years old, 26% were females, 12% had Type II diabetes and 30% had hypertension (mean baseline weight: INSTI: 83 kg (183 lb), PI: 82 kg (181 lb); P = 0.3). The mean time to follow-up weight measure was 9.3 months; INSTI initiators had a 1.3 kg (2.9 lb) greater mean weight gain (95% CI: 0.5–2.0), and a higher proportion with ≥5% weight gain (30.7% vs 26.1%; [OR=1.3, 95% CI: 1.0–1.6]) than PI initiators. Differences in weight gain between regimens were larger among females; female INSTI initiators had a 2.5 kg (5.3 lb) greater mean weight gain (95% CI: 0.7–4.2) and a higher proportion with ≥5% weight gain (37.5% vs 26.4%; OR=1.7; 95% CI [1.1–2.6]) than PI initiators. Conclusion: In a real-world setting, compared to PI-based regimens, INSTI-based regimens are associated with greater weight gain for treatment-naïve PLWH. This study may inform HIV treatment choice for health care providers.

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“…However, structural changes in the cardiac vasculature are observed as early as the first ten years of life for vertically HIV-infected subjects ( 41 ). Poorly controlled hypertension may eventually lead to cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, and mortality ( 42 ); hence early identification of high-risk individuals through screening is critical to prevent the development of these outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired fasting glucose levels among perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and youths in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveThis study assessed impaired fasting glucose and associated factors among perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and youths in Dar es salaam Tanzania.BackgroundImpaired fasting glucose is a marker of heightened risk for developing type 2 diabetes among perinatally HIV-infected individuals. Therefore, identifying individuals at this stage is crucial to enable early intervention. Therefore, we assessed impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and associated factors among perinatally HIV-infected population in Dar es salaam Tanzania. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 152 adolescents and youth attending HIV clinic at Muhimbili National Hospital and Infectious Disease Centre from July to August 2020. Fasting blood glucose (>8 hours) was measured using one-touch selects LifeScan, CA, USA. We also examined C-Reactive Protein and interleukin-6 inflammatory biomarkers in relation to impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Associations between categorical variables were explored using Chi-square, and poison regression with robust variance was used to calculate the prevalence ratios.ResultsOf the 152 participants, the majority were male (n=83[54.6%]), and the median age was 15(14-18) years. Overweight or obesity was prevalent in 16.4%, while more than one in ten (13.2%) had high blood pressure (≥149/90mmHg). All participants were on antiretroviral therapy (ART); 46% had used medication for over ten years, and about one in three had poor medication adherence. Among the recruited participants, 29% had impaired fasting glucose. The odds of IFG were two times higher in males compared to females (PR, 2.07, 95% CI 1.19 -3.59 p=0.001). Moreover, we found with every increase of Interleukin 6 biomarker there was a 1.01 probability increase of impaired fasting glucose (PR, 1.01, 95% CI 1.00 – 1.02 p=0.003).ConclusionAbout one in three perinatally HIV-infected youths had impaired fasting glucose in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, with males bearing the biggest brunt. Moreover, with every increase of 1.101 of the probability of having IFG increased. This calls for urgent measures to interrupt the progression to diabetes disease and prevent the dual burden of disease for this uniquely challenged population.

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Hypertension Among Persons Living With HIV in Medical Care in the United States—Medical Monitoring Project, 2013–2014

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

Time to hypertension development among people living with HIV in South Africa: A longitudinal analysis of the National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS)

Time to hypertension development among people living with HIV in South Africa: A longitudinal analysis of the National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS)

Real-World Assessment of Weight Change in People with HIV-1 After Initiating Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors or Protease Inhibitors

Impaired fasting glucose levels among perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and youths in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

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