Hyperspectral Microwave Atmospheric Sounder (HyMAS) architecture and design accommodations

Hilliard, L.; Racette, P.; Blackwell, William J.; Galbraith, C.; Thompson, E A.

doi:10.1109/aero.2013.6496895

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Recent technological developments make it now possible to plan hyperspectral instrumentation, in the microwave to submillimeter range, with high‐quality measurements [ Hilliard et al , ]. So far, only a limited set of frequency channels have been considered in the microwave based on features within the microwave spectrum and historical evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave hyperspectral measurements for temperature and humidity atmospheric profiling from satellite: The clear‐sky case

et al. 2015

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This study investigates the benefits of a satellite HYperspectral Microwave Sensor (HYMS) for the retrieval of atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles, in the context of numerical weather prediction (NWP). In the infrared, hyperspectral instruments have already improved the accuracy of NWP forecasts. Microwave instruments so far only provide observations for a limited number of carefully selected channels. An information content analysis is conducted here to assess the impact of hyperspectral microwave measurements on the retrieval of temperature and water vapor profiles under clear‐sky conditions. It uses radiative transfer simulations over a large variety of atmospheric situations. It accounts for realistic observation (instrument and radiative transfer) noise and for a priori information assumptions compatible with NWP practices. The estimated retrieval performance of the HYMS instrument is compared to those of the microwave instruments to be deployed on board the future generation of European operational meteorological satellites (MetOp‐SG). The results confirm the positive impact of a HYMS instrument on the atmospheric profiling capabilities compared to MetOp‐SG. Temperature retrieval uncertainty, compared to a priori information, is reduced by 2 to 10%, depending on the atmospheric height, and improvement rates are much higher than what will be obtained with MetOp‐SG. For humidity sounding these improvements can reach 30%, a significant benefit as compared to MetOp‐SG results especially below 250 hPa. The results are not very sensitive to the instrument noise, under our assumptions. The main impact provided by the hyperspectral information originates from the higher resolution in the O2 band around 60 GHz. The results are presented over ocean at nadir, but similar conclusions are obtained for other incidence angles and over land.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave hyperspectral measurements for temperature and humidity atmospheric profiling from satellite: The clear‐sky case

et al. 2015

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“…For this reason, microwave radiometers have been a subject of active studies for decades (Aires et al, 2015;Blackwell et al, 2010;Hilliard et al, 2013;Smith et al, 2021). In the past, microwave radiometers typically had several or, in rare cases, dozens of channels, limiting the vertical resolution of temperature and water vapor retrievals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative experimental validation of microwave hyperspectral atmospheric soundings in clear-sky conditions

Liu,

Bliankinshtein,

Huang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. Accurate observations of atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles are essential for weather forecasting and climate change detection. Hyperspectral radiance measurements afford a useful means to retrieve these thermodynamic variable fields, by harnessing the rich information contained in the electromagnetic wave spectrum of the atmospheric radiation. Compared to infrared radiometry, microwave radiometry holds the ability to penetrate clouds and potentially achieve an all-sky thermodynamic retrieval. Recent technological advancements have enabled the development of a hyperspectral microwave radiometer, the High Spectral Resolution Airborne Microwave Sounder (HiSRAMS), which we employ in this study to retrieve the atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles under the clear-sky condition, in comparison with an infrared hyperspectrometer, the Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI). HiSRAMS and AERI measurements under different viewing geometries have been acquired and compared for atmospheric retrieval. When both instruments are placed on the ground to acquire zenith-pointing measurements, the infrared hyperspectral measurements exhibit higher information content and greater vertical resolution for temperature and water vapor retrievals than the microwave hyperspectral measurements. A synergistic fusion of HiSRAMS and AERI measurements from the air and ground, respectively, is tested. This “sandwich” sounding of the atmosphere takes advantage of the complementary information contents of the two instruments and is found to notably improve retrieval accuracy.

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“…Recent technological advances are such that it is now possible to envisage a microwave radiometer with several hundred channels over a wide range of frequencies (from 6–800 GHz) with good accuracy (Thomas et al , ; Tanner et al , ; Lai et al , ; Deal et al , ; Hilliard et al , ; Xie et al , ). Blackwell et al () have proposed a hyperspectral microwave concept based on multiple receivers where the intermediate frequency (IF) band can be progressively shifted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Information content on temperature and water vapour from a hyper‐spectral microwave sensor

Mahfouf

Birman

Aires

et al. 2015

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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This study examines the information content on atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles that could be provided by a future spaceborne microwave sensor with a few hundred radiances in the millimetre and submillimetre spectral domains (ranging from 7–800 GHz). A channel selection method based on optimal estimation theory is undertaken, using a database of profiles with associated errors from the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) numerical weather prediction model and the radiative transfer model Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS) under clear‐sky conditions. The main results indicate that, by increasing the number of channels within the oxygen absorption band around 60 GHz and within the water‐vapour absorption band at 183 GHz, the accuracy of temperature and humidity retrievals in the troposphere and stratosphere (for temperature) would be noticeably improved compared with present and planned microwave radiometers. The channels located in the absorption lines at 118 GHz and above 200 GHz do not bring significant additional information regarding atmospheric profiles under clear‐sky conditions, partly due to greater radiometric noise. With a set of 137 selected channels that contribute to 90% of the total information content (measured by the degree of freedom for signal), it is possible to achieve almost the same performance in terms of variance error reduction as with 276 candidate channels. Sensitivity studies of various prescribed quantities defining the channel selection have been undertaken, in order to check the robustness of the conclusions. They show that none of the choices modifies the above findings.

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Hyperspectral Microwave Atmospheric Sounder (HyMAS) architecture and design accommodations

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Microwave hyperspectral measurements for temperature and humidity atmospheric profiling from satellite: The clear‐sky case

Microwave hyperspectral measurements for temperature and humidity atmospheric profiling from satellite: The clear‐sky case

Comparative experimental validation of microwave hyperspectral atmospheric soundings in clear-sky conditions

Information content on temperature and water vapour from a hyper‐spectral microwave sensor

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