Hyperspectral imaging combined with data classification techniques as an aid for artwork authentication

Abstract

In recent years various scientific practices have been adapted to the artwork analysis process. Although a set of techniques is available for art historians and scientists, there is a constant need for rapid and non-destructive methods to empower the art authentication process. In this paper hyperspectral imaging combined with signal processing and classification techniques are proposed as a tool to enhance the process for identification of art forgeries. Using bespoke paintings designed for this work, a spectral library of selected pigments was established and the viability of training and the application of classification techniques based on this data was demonstrated. Using these techniques for the analysis of actual forged paintings resulted in the identification of anachronistic paint, confirming the falsity of the artwork. This paper demonstrates the applicability of infrared (IR) hyperspectral imaging for artwork authentication

Review of Methods for Documentation, Management, and Sustainability of Cultural Heritage. Case Study: Museum of King Jan III’s Palace at Wilanów

“…It is a common practice to use supervised and unsupervised classification strategies interchangeably [123]. Classes detected in laboratory conditions may serve as pigment libraries [124], which may be then used as reference for further field work [115,125,126]. A small number of spectral bands provided by multispectral imagery makes it possible to generate band composites from selected band sets, allowing for visual investigation of acquired data [98,127,128].…”

“…Analyses based on SWIR imagery (1000-2500 nm) also proved their usefulness for recognition of materials under the paint (e.g., cardboard) [115]. Moreover, [125] proposed a method of using two hyperspectral imaging systems (one active, laser-based, operating in mid-infrared, and one passive working in the near-infrared spectrum) to prepare a small spectral library of pigments and proved that classification based on imagery acquired in further wavelength range may be successfully used in forgery detection. However, in the case of checking the authentication of paintings, NIR photography also allowed for satisfying results [150].…”

Hyperspectral Imaging for Autonomous Inspection of Road Pavement Defects

“…Hyper-Spectral Imaging, HSI has been used in space and satellite cameras for remote sensing and analysis of natural resources and several other forestry and agricultural applications [12]. Some applications have used HSI as a tool for detecting forgery in art work [13]. It have also been used for art work authentication and for crack detection in paintings [14].…”

Characterization and Digital Restauration of XIV-XV Centuries Written Parchments by Means of Nondestructive Techniques: Three Case Studies

“…is spectral feature is typical of iron gall inks [26,27]. us, from the results obtained by the multianalytical approach adopted in this study, it can be stated that the three parchments are written with iron gall inks.…”

“…e multispectral UV fluorescence images were radiometrically calibrated; namely, all the images were corrected for the spectral sensitivity of the CCD camera, the spectral transmittance of the optical lens, and the filters [17]. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed as chemometric tool for the analysis of multiple images [25][26][27][28]. e image calibration and processing were performed by using Matlab 2017a (the MathWorks Inc., USA) and HYPER-Tools (Free Graphical User Interface for Hyperspectral Image Analysis) software.…”