Hyperreactivity of Salivary Alpha-Amylase to Acute Psychosocial Stress and Norepinephrine Infusion in Essential Hypertension

Walther, Lisa-Marie; Känel, Roland von; Zuccarella-Hackl, Claudia; Wirtz, Petra H.

doi:10.3390/biomedicines10071762

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In the hitherto only study investigating sAA reactivity to AMS in EHT, we recently found that HT exhibit greater sAA reactivity to the TSST as a strong mental stressor as compared to NT with higher sAA increases +1 min and +10 min after TSST cessation ( 128 ). This suggest that the stress-induced physiological hyperreactivity in EHT also extends to the SNS parameter sAA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological reactivity to acute mental stress in essential hypertension—a systematic review

Walther

Wirtz

2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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ObjectiveExaggerated physiological reactions to acute mental stress (AMS) are associated with hypertension (development) and have been proposed to play an important role in mediating the cardiovascular disease risk with hypertension. A variety of studies compared physiological reactivity to AMS between essential hypertensive (HT) and normotensive (NT) individuals. However, a systematic review of studies across stress-reactive physiological systems including intermediate biological risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is lacking.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search (PubMed) for original articles and short reports, published in English language in peer-reviewed journals in November and December 2022. We targeted studies comparing the reactivity between essential HT and NT to AMS in terms of cognitive tasks, public speaking tasks, or the combination of both, in at least one of the predefined stress-reactive physiological systems.ResultsWe included a total of 58 publications. The majority of studies investigated physiological reactivity to mental stressors of mild or moderate intensity. Whereas HT seem to exhibit increased reactivity in response to mild or moderate AMS only under certain conditions (i.e., in response to mild mental stressors with specific characteristics, in an early hyperkinetic stage of HT, or with respect to certain stress systems), increased physiological reactivity in HT as compared to NT to AMS of strong intensity was observed across all investigated stress-reactive physiological systems.ConclusionOverall, this systematic review supports the proposed and expected generalized physiological hyperreactivity to AMS with essential hypertension, in particular to strong mental stress. Moreover, we discuss potential underlying mechanisms and highlight open questions for future research of importance for the comprehensive understanding of the observed hyperreactivity to AMS in essential hypertension.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological reactivity to acute mental stress in essential hypertension—a systematic review

Walther

Wirtz

2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…sAA has a faster response to stress than salivary cortisol, and is recently attracting attention as an objective stress assessment method (21,22). Since this response occurs in a short time through directly sympathetic nerve, it occurs in a short period of time, and many reports that take advantage of this characteristic (23)(24)(25). On the other hand, there are also several reports regarding the relationship between chronic stress and sAA(26, 27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term effects of live comedy on optimism, anxiety, and stress in a pre-post comparison study

Tomisawa,

In,

Horie

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Although there have been many studies on laughter and health, few studies have clarified the effects of laughter on optimism and pessimism, as well as anxiety. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of viewing a comedy live performance on optimism, pessimism, and anxiety, sAA as a stress marker, and examine the relationship between laughter attitude and optimism, pessimism and stress marker and clarify significant factors that contribute to optimism. Methods In this pre–post study, we evaluated the effects on attendees of laughter elicited by a comedy live performance (CLP). The participants were 110 volunteers aged 18–64 years. Participants attended a two-hour CLP by four famous Japanese comedians (Sisonnu, Tonikaku Akarui Yasumura, Mouchugakusei, and Panther) and completed pre- and post-event questionnaires that included items from the Japanese Optimism and Pessimism Scale(JOPS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Laughter Attitude Scale(LAS) and Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA). Results The valid response rate was 101. Participants’ optimism was higher, and pessimism, anxiety and sAA were lower, after attending the CLP. α-amylase was significantly lower in more people before and after CLP. Factors contributing to optimism were strongly influenced by the degree to which people made them laugh, as well as pessimism, anxiety, and forced laughter. Conclusion The personal factors contributing most strongly to optimism were “A state that makes you laugh”, as well as pessimism, anxiety, and a low level of “Forced Laughter”. Attending a two-hour CLP increased optimism and decreased stress level, pessimism and anxiety, these effects were more pronounced in those who laughed regularly in their everyday lives

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“…158 CHD patients exhibited insufficient antithrombin recovery poststress. 141 A systematic review 267 of four studies 157 268 269 270 suggests that compared with normotensive controls, patients with systemic hypertension, particularly with diastolic hypertension, show greater stress-induced hypercoagulability, especially during stress recovery. Consistent with this, delayed systolic blood pressure recovery after stress in healthy individuals was associated with delayed recovery of FVIII:C and plasma viscosity.…”

Section: Mechanisms Involved In Stress-induced Hypercoagulabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Induced Hypercoagulability: Insights from Epidemiological and Mechanistic Studies, and Clinical Integration

von Känel

2024

Semin Thromb Hemost

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By integrating findings from comprehensive reviews, meta-analyses, and cutting-edge genetic studies, this article illuminates the significance of stress-induced hypercoagulability in clinical medicine. In particular, the findings from numerous prospective cohort studies indicate that stress and hemostatic factors of a hypercoagulable state are associated with increased incident risk and poor prognosis for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and venous thromboembolism. Mendelian randomization studies suggest that these associations are partially causal. The review synthesizes extensive research on the link between acute and chronic stress and hypercoagulability, outlining a potential pathway from stress to thrombosis risk. Consistent with the allostatic load concept, acute stress-induced hypercoagulability, initially adaptive, can turn maladaptive under chronic stress or excessive acute stress, leading to arterial or venous thrombotic events. Individuals with predisposing factors, including atherosclerosis, thrombophilia, or immobilization, may exhibit an increased risk of thrombotic disease during stress. Contextual sociodemographic characteristics, the stress experience, and coping resources additionally modulate the extent of stress-induced hypercoagulability. Research into the neuroendocrine, cellular, and molecular bases reveals how stress influences platelet activation coagulation and fibrinolysis. The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, along with vagal withdrawal, and the effects of catecholamines, cortisol, and vasopressin, are the central mechanisms involved. Hemoconcentration, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and thrombopoiesis additionally contribute to stress-induced hypercoagulability. Further research is needed to prove a causal link between chronic stress and hypercoagulability. This includes exploring its implications for the prevention and management of thrombotic diseases in stressed individuals, with a focus on developing effective psychosocial and pharmacological interventions.

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Hyperreactivity of Salivary Alpha-Amylase to Acute Psychosocial Stress and Norepinephrine Infusion in Essential Hypertension

Cited by 7 publications

References 61 publications

Physiological reactivity to acute mental stress in essential hypertension—a systematic review

Physiological reactivity to acute mental stress in essential hypertension—a systematic review

Short-term effects of live comedy on optimism, anxiety, and stress in a pre-post comparison study

Stress-Induced Hypercoagulability: Insights from Epidemiological and Mechanistic Studies, and Clinical Integration

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