Hypermobility, Destination Effects, and Delinquency: Specifying the Link between Residential Mobility and Offending

Vogel, Matt; Porter, Lauren; McCuddy, Timothy

doi:10.1093/sf/sow097

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…29 However, in a subsequent study, Vogel et al used fixed-effects regression to estimate within-person associations and reported that although a binary indicator of mobility was not associated with delinquency, greater frequency of mobility was positively associated with delinquency. 30 Although these studies argue against a causal effect of mobility on behavioural outcomes, they have generally focused on outcomes occurring immediately following, or contemporaneous with, adolescent mobility. Additional research is needed to assess the causality of longer-term prospective associations between residential mobility and mental health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent residential mobility, genetic liability and risk of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression

et al. 2020

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BackgroundResidential mobility during upbringing, and especially adolescence, is associated with multiple negative mental health outcomes. However, whether associations are confounded by unmeasured familial factors, including genetic liability, is unclear.AimsWe used a population-based case–cohort study to assess whether polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression were associated with mobility from ages 10–14 years, and whether PRS and parental history of mental disorder together explained associations between mobility and each disorder.MethodInformation on cases (n = 4207 schizophrenia, n = 1402 bipolar disorder, n = 18 215 major depression) and a random population sample (n = 17 582), born 1981–1997, was linked between Danish civil and psychiatric registries. Genome-wide data were obtained from the Danish Neonatal Screening Biobank and PRSs were calculated based on results of separate, large meta-analyses.ResultsPRSs for schizophrenia and major depression were weakly associated with moving once (odds ratio 1.07, 95% CI 1.00–1.16; and odds ratio 1.10, 95% CI 1.04–1.17, respectively), but not twice or three or more times. Mobility was positively associated with each disorder, with more moves associated with greater risk. Adjustment for PRS produced slight reductions in the magnitude of associations. Adjustment for PRS and parental history of mental disorder together reduced estimates by 5–11%. In fully adjusted models mobility was associated with all three disorders; hazard ratios ranged from 1.33 (95% CI 1.08–1.62; one move and bipolar disorder) to 3.05 (95% CI 1.92–4.86; three or more moves and bipolar disorder).ConclusionsAssociations of mobility with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression do not appear to be attributable to genetic liability as measured here. Potential familial confounding of mobility associations may be predominantly environmental in nature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent residential mobility, genetic liability and risk of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression

et al. 2020

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“…First, the census tract is the geographic aggregation that most closely approximates a neighborhood and is used most frequently in studies of neighborhood effects (Sampson 2002). Second, recent studies examining neighborhood effects on youth outcomes in the NLSY97 have consistently relied on tract-level measures of neighborhood characteristics (e.g., Vogel and South 2016;Vogel et al 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emerging research suggests that characteristics of sending and receiving neighborhoods may be more consequential than the simple act of moving (Sharkey and Sampson 2010;Vogel et al 2017). This research has primarily focused on the effects of moving into and out of deprived neighborhoods, as prolonged exposure to socioeconomic disadvantage has been consistently linked to detrimental outcomes in later life (Ellen and Turner 1997;Leventhal and Brooks-Gunn 2000;Clark and Morrison 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Consequences of Spatial Inequality for Adolescent Residential Mobility

Vogel

Zwiers

2018

Social Sciences

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A large body of literature suggests that neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage is positively associated with out-mobility. However, prior research has been limited by (1) the inability to account for endogenous factors that both funnel families into deprived neighborhoods and increase their likelihood of moving out, and (2) the failure to consider how the spatial distribution of socioeconomic deprivation in the broader community conditions the effect of local deprivation on mobility. This paper attends to this gap in the literature by examining how changes in socioeconomic disadvantage between sending and receiving neighborhoods and the spatial patterning of deprivation in the areas surrounding destination neighborhoods influence future mobility among a representative sample of American adolescents. We employ a modeling strategy that allows us to examine the unique and separable effects of local and extralocal neighborhood disadvantage while simultaneously holding constant time-invariant factors that place some youth at a greater likelihood of experiencing a residential move. We find that moves to more impoverished neighborhoods decrease the likelihood of subsequent mobility and that this effect is most pronounced among respondents who move to neighborhoods surrounded by other similarly deprived neighborhoods. In this sense, geographical pockets of disadvantage strengthen the mobility-hampering effect of neighborhood deprivation on future mobility.

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“…It is not possible to know if these strategies kept youth safe, but it is clear that they often compromised young men's education. This builds on our understanding of mobility, which is known to be linked to academic challenges and delinquency, but these outcomes have also been linked with factors associated with mobility, such as poverty (for a full review, see [57]). It is also not the only cause of mobility, which is often coerced by the justice and education systems [58].…”

Section: Systemic Constraints On Traditional Family and Youth Strategmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences and Strategies of Young, Low-Income, African-American Men and Families Who Navigate Violent Neighborhoods and Low-Performing Schools

2019

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Violent neighborhoods and low-performing schools continue to devastate young, low-income, African-American men and their families, despite individual and family use of kin and peer network navigation strategies. To learn more, interviews were conducted with 40 young African-American men, ages 18 to 22, from Baltimore City enrolled in a general equivalency diploma (GED) and job training program, and analyzed with modified grounded theory. Young men identified unsafe neighborhoods, chaotic schools, and disengaged teaching. Young men used safety and success strategies such as avoiding trouble and selecting positive peers to navigate unsafe environments. African-American families utilized kin network strategies such as messaging and modeling success, and mobilization for safety. Limits of unrecognized and unsupported strategies were related to: mobilization, limited educational partnership, and disproportionate family loss. Results indicate the continued urgent need for: (1) targeted violence reduction in high-violence neighborhoods, (2) calm and effective learning environments, (3) higher ratios of teachers to students to reduce chaos and improve learning, and (4) genuine teacher partnerships with families to improve access to positive role models, academic supports, and positive peer network development.

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Hypermobility, Destination Effects, and Delinquency: Specifying the Link between Residential Mobility and Offending

Cited by 21 publications

References 46 publications

Adolescent residential mobility, genetic liability and risk of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression

Adolescent residential mobility, genetic liability and risk of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression

The Consequences of Spatial Inequality for Adolescent Residential Mobility

Experiences and Strategies of Young, Low-Income, African-American Men and Families Who Navigate Violent Neighborhoods and Low-Performing Schools

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