Hyperlipoproteinaemia associated with atherosclerosis and cutaneous xanthomatosis in a cat

“…5,9 Xanthomas are reported rarely in veterinary literature, however they have been documented in birds, 3 reptiles, 10,11 horses, 12 a dog, 13 and domestic cats. 4,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] They are an uncommon manifestation of hyperlipidaemia in animals and humans, although when present are highly specific cutaneous markers for disorders of lipid metabolism. 1,2 In the cat, they have been reported with familial, 7,19,22 and suspected familial, 17,18 primary hypertriglyceridaemia, suspected primary hyperlipidaemia exacerbated by high-fat dietary supplements 14 and secondary causes of hyperlipidaemia including diabetes mellitus, 20,21 glucocorticoid therapy, 15 and progesterone therapy.…”

Section: Egcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] They are an uncommon manifestation of hyperlipidaemia in animals and humans, although when present are highly specific cutaneous markers for disorders of lipid metabolism. 1,2 In the cat, they have been reported with familial, 7,19,22 and suspected familial, 17,18 primary hypertriglyceridaemia, suspected primary hyperlipidaemia exacerbated by high-fat dietary supplements 14 and secondary causes of hyperlipidaemia including diabetes mellitus, 20,21 glucocorticoid therapy, 15 and progesterone therapy. 20 Only one case of idiopathic cutaneous xanthoma, associated with normal serum lipid levels, has been reported in the cat.…”

Section: Egcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous xanthomas with concurrent demodicosis and dermatophytosis in a cat

Vogelnest

2001

Aust Veterinary J

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Multiple cutaneous xanthomas, associated with fasting hyperlipidaemia, are described in a 9-month-old domestic long-haired cat. A severely pruritic, papular, and crusting dermatitis affecting the head and neck, initially diagnosed as lesions of the eosinophilic granuloma complex, progressively developed on the head and pinnae. Pruritus was controlled with administration of prednisolone and chlorambucil. Repeat histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of cutaneous xanthoma and concurrent mild demodicosis. Marked fasting hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and transient hyperglycaemia were subsequently confirmed. Treatment for hyperlipidaemia and xanthomas with a low-fat diet (Hill's Feline r/d) and the previously unreported treatment for feline demodicosis of daily oral milbemycin were commenced. Multiple pink, alopecic plaques and papules gradually regressed, however pruritus recurred if immunosuppressive treatment was reduced, and well-demarcated areas of alopecia developed on the head, limbs and trunk, despite negative skin scrapings for demodex mites. Fungal culture of hair samples yielded Microsporum canis. All cutaneous lesions resolved with the addition of griseofulvin to the treatment regimen. Concurrent corneal ulceration and keratoconjunctivitis sicca ultimately resolved with treatment, including topical cyclosporin. Diabetes mellitus developed 6 months after resolution of skin lesions. No cutaneous or ocular abnormalities were present 6 months later with continued low-fat diet and insulin administration, although transient recurrence of papules and pruritus occurred after inadvertent access to a fatty meal. An underlying primary hyperlipidaemia was suspected, causing pruritic xanthomas. This may represent the first report of concurrent cutaneous xanthomas, demodicosis and dermatophytosis in a cat.

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“…In humans, dogs and cats, xanthomas have been associated with hyperlipidemia (Wisselink et al 1994, Banajee et al 2011, Ozmen and Haligur 2011, Kheirandish et al 2013 as well as other factors such as diabetes mellitus, glucocorticoid therapy or high cholesterol diets (Wisselink et al 1994, Mauldin andPeters-Kennedy 2016), hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism, genetic factors and systemic diseases (Cramer et al 2011, Lipar et al 2011, Kheirandish et al 2013. In horses, choroid plexus cholesterol granulomas are frequent in old animals and appear to be initiated by chronic congestion, edema and hemorrhage into the plexus stroma.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Encephalic xanthomas in a large malayan chevrotain ( Tragulus napu )

González

Sisó²,

Pardo

et al. 2017

Austral j. vet. sci.

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ABSTRACT. An adult water chevrotain was euthanized due to severe non-responsive pododermatitis. Incidentally, multiple to coalescing cholesterol granulomas were identified within the right diencephalon, characterized by the presence of foamy macrophages and cholesterol clefts consistent with encephalic xanthomas. No clinical signs or predisposing conditions associated with this finding were identified. This is the first known report of encephalic xanthomas in this species.

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Hyperlipoproteinaemia associated with atherosclerosis and cutaneous xanthomatosis in a cat

Cited by 28 publications

References 7 publications

Animal models for the atherosclerosis research: a review

Animal models for the atherosclerosis research: a review

Cutaneous xanthomas with concurrent demodicosis and dermatophytosis in a cat

Encephalic xanthomas in a large malayan chevrotain ( Tragulus napu )

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