Hyperinsulinemia induced by canine distemper virus infection of mice and its correlation with the appearance of obesity

Bernard, Arlette; Zwingelstein, G; Meister, Roger; Wild, T. F.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(88)90193-9

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Body mass index: In the overall analysis, independent of age and sex, the effect of Ad-36 status on the risk of obesity was highly significant (w 2 (Table 2). Serum cholesterol and triglycerides: As we previously observed in three species of animals infected with Ad-36, both obese and nonobese subjects who were Ad-36 AB þ had paradoxically lower levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, which were highly significantly different from individuals who were Ad-36 ABÀ (Table 3).…”

Section: Results Of Testing For Ad-36 Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other animal models of virus-induced obesity are associated with elevated triglycerides. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Finally, it is not clear if the associations of elevated BMI and lowered serum lipids with positive Ad-36 antibody status are linked, or are associated by different mechanisms. None of the other adenoviruses tested had any associations with either BMI or serum lipids, with the exception of Ad-2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Canine distemper virus produces obesity in mice, probably due to viral-induced hypothalamic damage. [1][2][3][4][5] Rous-associated virus type 7 (RAV-7) induces a syndrome of obesity, stunted growth, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, hepatomegaly, anemia, and immune suppression in chickens. 6,7 Borna virus produces an obesity syndrome in rats characterized by lymphomonocytic inflammation of the hypothalamus, pancreatic islet hyperplasia, and elevated serum glucose and triglycerides levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human adenovirus-36 is associated with increased body weight and paradoxical reduction of serum lipids

Atkinson¹,

et al. 2004

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BACKGROUND: Human adenovirus-36 (Ad-36) increases adiposity and paradoxically lowers serum cholesterol and triglycerides in chickens, mice, and non-human primates. The role of Ad-36 in human obesity is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of Ad-36 antibodies in obese and nonobese humans. To evaluate the association of Ad-36 antibodies with body mass index (BMI) and serum lipids. DESIGN: Cohort study. Volunteers from obesity treatment programs, communities, and a research study. SUBJECTS: Obese and nonobese volunteers at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, and the Bowen Center, Naples, Florida. Obese and thin volunteer research subjects and 89 twin pairs at Columbia University, New York. INTERVENTIONS: Study 1: 502 subjects; serum neutralization assay for antibodies to Ad-2, Ad-31, Ad-36, and Ad-37; serum cholesterol and triglycerides assays. Study 2: BMI and %body fat in 28 twin pairs discordant for Ad-36 antibodies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Presence of antibodies to adenoviruses, BMI, serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels. RESULTS: Significant (Po0.001) association of obesity and positive Ad-36 antibody status, independent of age, sex, and collection site. Ad-36 antibodies in 30% of obese, 11% of nonobese. Lower serum cholesterol and triglycerides (Po0.003) in Ad-36 antibody-positive vs -negative subjects. Twin pairs: antibody-positive twins had higher BMIs (24.575.2 vs 23.174.5 kg/m 2 , Po0.03) and %body fat (29.679.5% vs 27.579.9%, Po0.04). No association of Ad-2, Ad-31, or Ad-37 antibodies with BMI or serum lipids. CONCLUSIONS: Ad-36 is associated with increased body weight and lower serum lipids in humans. Prospective studies are indicated to determine if Ad-36 plays a role in the etiology of human obesity.

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Section: Results Of Testing For Ad-36 Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human adenovirus-36 is associated with increased body weight and paradoxical reduction of serum lipids

Atkinson¹,

et al. 2004

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“…Exposures to different pathogens undoubtedly trigger and amplify inflammatory signals (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11). In the link of inflammation to obesity, it is of note that several animal viruses are reported to increase adiposity when injected into animals (12, 13, 14). Canine distemper virus, Rous‐associated virus type 7, and Borna virus produce obesity in mice, chickens, and rats in the context of hypothalamic damage or immune suppression (12, 13, 14, 15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of Infection and Fat Mass in Healthy Middle‐aged Men

Fernández-Real

Ferri

Vendrell

et al. 2007

Obesity

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FERNÁ NDEZ-REAL, JOSÉ -MANUEL, MARIA-JOSÉ FERRI, JOAN VENDRELL, AND WIFREDO RICART. Burden of infection and fat mass in healthy middle-aged men. Obesity. 2007;15:245-252. Objective: Our aim was to study the effect of exposure to four infections on fat mass. Research Methods and Procedures: This was a crosssectional study of healthy middle-aged men from the general population (n ϭ 74). Each study subject's serum was tested for specific IgG class antibodies against herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1, HSV-2, enteroviruses, and Chlamydia pneumoniae through the use of quantitative in vitro enzymelinked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). A total pathogen burden score based on these seropositivities [Quantitative Seropositivity Index (QSI)] was constructed. Fat mass was measured by bioelectrical impedance. Results: We observed significant relationships between the HSV-1 titer and fat mass and percentage fat mass. The associations were stronger when considering the infection burden. The QSI was significantly associated with fat mass (r ϭ 0.30, p ϭ 0.009) and percentage fat mass (r ϭ 0.27, p ϭ 0.01). Those subjects in the highest tertile of fat mass showed significantly higher QSI (259.5 Ϯ 74.1 vs. 206.9 Ϯ 78.2, p ϭ 0.007). In subjects that were seropositive for Enteroviruses, the relationship between the QSI and fat mass was strengthened (r ϭ 0.51, p ϭ 0.02). In a multivariate regression analysis, the QSI, independently of age and C-reactive protein, contributed to 9% of fat mass variance. Discussion: Pathogen burden showed an association with fat mass. Subjects with increased fat mass could be more susceptible to developing multiple infections resulting in a chronic low-grade inflammation. We can not exclude the possibility that exposure to multiple infections leads to increased fat mass.

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“…1 Obesity potentially arising from viral infection, 'infectobesity', has largely been overlooked. Increased adiposity has been observed in animal models following infection with animal viruses, canine distemper virus, [2][3][4][5] Rous-associated virus, 6,7 Borna virus, 8 an avian adenovirus, SMAM-1 9,10 and, also, with the human virus adenovirus 36 (Ad36). [11][12][13] Of these, SMAM-1 and Ad36 have been associated with human obesity: increased level of antibodies for these viruses has been found in human subjects who were obese.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiposity induced by adenovirus 5 inoculation

Herlihy

Bell

2005

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of viral inoculation by adenovirus 5 (Ad5) on body composition in a mouse model. DESIGN: Longitudinal monitoring before and after a single injection of virus or saline. SUBJECTS: Two groups of CD1 mice, one group given a single intraperitoneal dose of Ad5 and the control group, saline. MEASUREMENTS: Bodyweights and food intake were recorded before and up to 21 weeks after inoculation. At the end of the study, whole-body 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and localised in vivo 1 H MRS spectroscopy of the liver was performed to assess whole-body adiposity and intrahepatic lipid content, respectively. RESULTS: Ad5-treated animals gained significantly more weight over a period of 21 weeks after inoculation than the controls, 21.8 g (18.8-25.0) and 18.8 g (17.3-19.8) respectively, (Po0.05). The gain in bodyweight in the former animals arises from increased deposition of adipose tissue as measured by whole-body 1 H MRS. Adiposity was 6.7% (3.10-11.20%), and 2.40% (0.85-5.65%) for the Ad5-treated and control animals, respectively (Po0.05). No significant difference in intrahepatic lipid content or food intake was observed between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The significantly higher percentage of adipose tissue in the Ad5-treated mice suggest viral infection may play a contributory role to a predisposition to obesity, although its contribution relative to other factors remains to be determined.

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Hyperinsulinemia induced by canine distemper virus infection of mice and its correlation with the appearance of obesity

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Human adenovirus-36 is associated with increased body weight and paradoxical reduction of serum lipids

Human adenovirus-36 is associated with increased body weight and paradoxical reduction of serum lipids

Burden of Infection and Fat Mass in Healthy Middle‐aged Men

Adiposity induced by adenovirus 5 inoculation

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