Hyperinfection Syndrome in Strongyloidiasis

Tefé‐Silva, Cristiane; Machado, Eleuza Rodrigues; Faccioli, Lúcia Helena; Ramos, Simone Gusmão

doi:10.5772/28542

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Strongyloides stercoralis is unusual among human parasitic nematodes in that it can complete its life cycle within the host, thus sustaining infection for decades if untreated [6][7][8]. During reduced immune competence due to immunosuppression, such as corticosteroid treatment of co-morbidities, or HTLV-1 co-infection, very large numbers of larvae may undergo this autoinfective cycle, causing hyperinfection or disseminated strongyloidiasis, both with a high fatality rate [9][10][11]. This autoinfective lifecycle means that infections will fully reestablish if worms are not completely cleared from the host during treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative ‘omics’ approach for prediction of candidate Strongyloides stercoralis diagnostic coproantigens

et al. 2023

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Human infection with the intestinal nematode Strongyloides stercoralis is persistent unless effectively treated, and potentially fatal in immunosuppressed individuals. Epidemiological data are lacking, partially due to inadequate diagnosis. A rapid antigen detection test is a priority for population surveillance, validating cure after treatment, and for screening prior to immunosuppression. We used a targeted analysis of open access ‘omics’ data sets and used online predictors to identify S. stercoralis proteins that are predicted to be present in infected stool, Strongyloides-specific, and antigenic. Transcriptomic data from gut and non-gut dwelling life cycle stages of S. stercoralis revealed 328 proteins that are differentially expressed. Strongyloides ratti proteomic data for excreted and secreted (E/S) proteins were matched to S. stercoralis, giving 1,057 orthologues. Five parasitism-associated protein families (SCP/TAPS, prolyl oligopeptidase, transthyretin-like, aspartic peptidase, acetylcholinesterase) were compared phylogenetically between S. stercoralis and outgroups, and proteins with least homology to the outgroups were selected. Proteins that overlapped between the transcriptomic and proteomic datasets were analysed by multiple sequence alignment, epitope prediction and 3D structure modelling to reveal S. stercoralis candidate peptide/protein coproantigens. We describe 22 candidates from seven genes, across all five protein families for further investigation as potential S. stercoralis diagnostic coproantigens, identified using open access data and freely-available protein analysis tools. This powerful approach can be applied to many parasitic infections with ‘omic’ data to accelerate development of specific diagnostic assays for laboratory or point-of-care field application.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative ‘omics’ approach for prediction of candidate Strongyloides stercoralis diagnostic coproantigens

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…S. stercoralis is unusual among human parasitic nematodes in that it can complete its life cycle within the host, thus sustaining infection for decades if untreated [6–8]. During reduced immune competence due to immunosuppression, such as corticosteroid treatment of co-morbidities, or HTLV-1 co-infection, very large numbers of larvae may undergo this autoinfective cycle, causing hyperinfection or disseminated strongyloidiasis, both with a high fatality rate [9–11]. This autoinfective lifecycle means that infections will fully re-establish if worms are not completely cleared from the host during treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative ‘omics’ approach for prediction of candidate Strongyloides stercoralis diagnostic coproantigens

Marlais

Bickford-Smith

Talavera-López

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Human infection with the intestinal nematode Strongyloides stercoralis is persistent unless effectively treated, and potentially fatal in immunosuppressed individuals. Epidemiological data are lacking due to inadequate diagnosis. A rapid antigen detection test is a priority for population surveillance, validating cure after treatment, and for screening prior to immunosuppression. We analysed open access 'omics' data sets and used online predictors to identify S. stercoralis proteins that are likely to be present in infected stool, Strongyloides specific, and antigenic. Transcriptomic data from gut and non-gut dwelling life cycle stages of S. stercoralis revealed 328 proteins that are differentially expressed. Strongyloides ratti proteomic data for excreted and secreted (E/S) proteins were matched to S. stercoralis , giving 1,057 orthologues. Five parasitism-associated protein families (SCP/TAPS, prolyl oligopeptidase, transthyretin-like, aspartic peptidase, acetylcholinesterase) were compared phylogenetically between S. stercoralis and outgroups, and proteins with least homology to the outgroups were selected. Proteins that overlapped between the transcriptomic and proteomic datasets were analysed by multiple sequence alignment, epitope prediction and 3D structure modelling to reveal S. stercoralis candidate peptide/protein coproantigens. We describe 22 candidates from seven genes, across all five protein families for further investigation as potential S. stercoralis diagnostic coproantigens, identified using open access data and freely-available protein analysis tools. This powerful approach can be applied to many parasitic infections with 'omic' data to accelerate development of specific diagnostic assays for laboratory or point-of-care field application.

show abstract

Hyperinfection Syndrome in Strongyloidiasis

Cited by 2 publications

References 76 publications

A comparative ‘omics’ approach for prediction of candidate Strongyloides stercoralis diagnostic coproantigens

A comparative ‘omics’ approach for prediction of candidate Strongyloides stercoralis diagnostic coproantigens

A comparative ‘omics’ approach for prediction of candidate Strongyloides stercoralis diagnostic coproantigens

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