Hypericin inclusion complexes encapsulated in liposomes for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy

Plenagl, Nikola; Seitz, Benjamin Sebastian; Duse, Lili; Pinnapireddy, Shashank Reddy; Jedelská, Jarmila; Brüßler, Jana

doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118666

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…For instance, curcumin is an improved nanotechnology using many different polymers, such as polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) [ 55 , 167 ], and these polymers improve the hemocompatibility and solubility of curcumin. Liposomes and serum albumin nanocarriers are another example of nanotechnology-based PS applications, and in those studies, hypericin improved the APDT performance and speed [ 168 , 169 ]. Graphene interactions with chlorin PS improved antibacterial efficiency [ 170 ], and hypocrellin A micelles exhibit improved solubility and overcome the solubility problem of APDT [ 171 ].…”

Section: Emerging Technologies and Solutions To Current Apdt Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Photosensitizers in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

2021

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Health problems and reduced treatment effectiveness due to antimicrobial resistance have become important global problems and are important factors that negatively affect life expectancy. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is constantly evolving and can minimize this antimicrobial resistance problem. Reactive oxygen species produced when nontoxic photosensitizers are exposed to light are the main functional components of APDT responsible for microbial destruction; therefore, APDT has a broad spectrum of target pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Various photosensitizers, including natural extracts, compounds, and their synthetic derivatives, are being investigated. The main limitations, such as weak antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, solubility, specificity, and cost, encourage the exploration of new photosensitizer candidates. Many additional methods, such as cell surface engineering, cotreatment with membrane-damaging agents, nanotechnology, computational simulation, and sonodynamic therapy, are also being investigated to develop novel APDT methods with improved properties. In this review, we summarize APDT research, focusing on natural photosensitizers used in in vitro and in vivo experimental models. In addition, we describe the limitations observed for natural photosensitizers and the methods developed to counter those limitations with emerging technologies.

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Section: Emerging Technologies and Solutions To Current Apdt Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Photosensitizers in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

2021

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“…Accordingly, for the first time in this study, the effectiveness of the H. scruglii extract was demonstrated and improved by its loading in phospholipid vesicles. Indeed, in previous studies, only hypericin was loaded into the liposomes and different complexes were formulated for other aims [ 60 , 61 ], while different kinds of liposomes and phospholipid vesicles have been designed and tested, aimed at improving the efficacy of plant extracts [ 62 , 63 ]. The results underlined that the composition of the vesicles and the addition of specific additives can positively affect the effectiveness of the payloads, even if for each bioactive or phytocomplex, an ad hoc formulation is required [ 35 , 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction, Characterization and Incorporation of Hypericum scruglii Extract in Ad Hoc Formulated Phospholipid Vesicles Designed for the Treatment of Skin Diseases Connected with Oxidative Stress

et al. 2020

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An extract of Hypericum scruglii, an endangered endemic plant of Sardinia (Italy), was prepared and characterized. It was loaded in special phospholipid vesicles, glycerosomes, which were modified by adding maltodextrin (glucidex) and a polymer (gelatin or hyaluronan). The corresponding liposomes were also prepared and used as reference. The vesicles disclosed suitable physicochemical features for skin delivery. Indeed, their mean diameter ranged from 120 to 160 nm, they were homogeneously dispersed (polydispersity index ≤ 0.30), and their zeta potential was highly negative (~−45 mV). The vesicle dispersions maintained unchanged characteristics during 60 days of storage, were highly biocompatible, and were able to protect keratinocytes against damages due to oxidative stress induced by treating them with hydrogen peroxide. Vesicles were also capable of promoting cell proliferation and migration in vitro by means of a scratch wound assay. The results confirmed the fruitful delivery of the extract of H. scruglii in glycerosomes modified with glucidex and gelatin and their promising ability for skin protection and treatment.

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“…PTN/HP-β-CD inclusion complexes were prepared by the freeze-drying method [10,34]. Briefly, PTN and HP-β-CD (at a molar rate of 1:1) were dissolved in ethanol and ultrapure water, respectively.…”

Section: Preparation Of Ptn/hp-β-cd Complexes and Physical Mixturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, such a broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa is beneficial in the empirical therapy of undiagnosed infections. Another advantage of aPDT is that fast-growing cells such as bacteria can accumulate PSs at a higher rate, resulting in increased selectivity [10]. This is especially harmful to bacteria, as their DNA is not isolated from the cytoplasm like that of eukaryotic cells [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD) is the most notable derivative, with a greater water solubility of 60% (w/w) compared to 2% for its parent form, β-CD [20]. Owing to its biocompatibility and minimal toxicity, HP-β-CD has long been used as a delivery system in PDT for many photosensitizers [11] such as hypericin [10], chlorophyll a [22], aminolevulinic acid [23], temoporfin [24], chlorin e6 [25], and curcumin [26]. These studies showed enhanced water solubility and delivery to the targeted tissues without significantly changing their photophysical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parietin Cyclodextrin-Inclusion Complex as an Effective Formulation for Bacterial Photoinactivation

et al. 2022

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Multidrug resistance in pathogenic bacteria has become a significant public health concern. As an alternative therapeutic option, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) can successfully eradicate antibiotic-resistant bacteria with a lower probability of developing resistance or systemic toxicity commonly associated with the standard antibiotic treatment. Parietin (PTN), also termed physcion, a natural anthraquinone, is a promising photosensitizer somewhat underrepresented in aPDT because of its poor water solubility and potential to aggregate in the biological environment. This study investigated whether the complexation of PTN with (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) could increase its solubility, enhance its photophysical properties, and improve its phototoxicity against bacteria. At first, the solubilization behavior and complexation constant of the PTN/HP-β-CD inclusion complexes were evaluated by the phase solubility method. Then, the formation and physicochemical properties of PTN/HP-β-CD complexes were analyzed and confirmed in various ways. At the same time, the photodynamic activity was assessed by the uric acid method. The blue light-mediated photodegradation of PTN in its free and complexed forms were compared. Complexation of PTN increased the aqueous solubility 28-fold and the photostability compared to free PTN. PTN/HP-β-CD complexes reduce the bacterial viability of Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Escherichia coli by > 4.8 log and > 1.0 log after irradiation, respectively. Overall, the low solubility, aggregation potential, and photoinstability of PTN were overcome by its complexation in HP-β-CD, potentially opening up new opportunities for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria.

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Hypericin inclusion complexes encapsulated in liposomes for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy

Cited by 37 publications

References 36 publications

Natural Photosensitizers in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

Natural Photosensitizers in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

Extraction, Characterization and Incorporation of Hypericum scruglii Extract in Ad Hoc Formulated Phospholipid Vesicles Designed for the Treatment of Skin Diseases Connected with Oxidative Stress

Parietin Cyclodextrin-Inclusion Complex as an Effective Formulation for Bacterial Photoinactivation

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