Hyperhomocysteinemia is Associated with Inflammation, Bone Resorption, Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency and MTHFR C677T Polymorphism in Postmenopausal Women with Decreased Bone Mineral Density

Martinis, Massimo De; Sirufo, Maria Maddalena; Nocelli, Cristina; Fontanella, Lara; Ginaldi, Lia

doi:10.3390/ijerph17124260

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Osteoporosis is also a predominantly female pathology: among diseases afflicting women more than men, osteoporosis is at the first place [ 10 11 ]. In addition to aging and menopausa, other conditions, such as underlying diseases and/or the use of drugs impacting the bone, can also cause “secondary” osteoporosis [ 12 13 ]. Five per cent of people aged 50 and 50% at age 85 have decreased BMD, whereas more than 75% of women over 60 are affected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Osteoporosis: A Single-Center Observational Study

Martinis

Sirufo

Polsinelli

et al. 2021

World J Mens Health

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Osteoporosis affects more than 200 million people worldwide: its prevalence increases with age and is actually growing due to the constant population aging. Women are at greater risk than men, but in recent years it has become increasingly evident that osteoporosis represents a significantly important problem also for men. However, osteoporosis in men is still poorly studied, underdiagnosed and inadequately treated. Materials and Methods: Materials and Methods: We conducted an observational study to identify any gender disparities in osteoporosis screening. For this purpose we observed people consecutively admitted at our Outpatient Service for the Diagnosis of Osteoporosis during the last 3 years. Patients underwent clinical and laboratory assessment and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone turnover serum markers have been evaluated and stratified according to gender. Results: Results: Out of 3,752 patients, 2,376 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were identified. As expected, the great majority (94.5%) of the screened subjects were women and only 5.4% were men. Women exhibited lower BMD compared to men (Tscore values:-2.33±1.14 vs.-1.31±1.55; p<0.001), whereas the prevalence of fractures in osteoporotic men was significantly higher (50% vs. 31%; p<0.001). Women had lower vitamin D and higher bone remodeling markers compared to men. Secondary osteoporosis was more frequent in men (66.67%) than in women (20.83%) and the calculated risk for hip fractures was higher in osteoporotic men compared to women (11.47±10.62 vs. 6.87±7.73; p<0.001). Conclusions: Conclusions: Here we highlighted that men are under-screened for osteoporosis and exhibit secondary osteoporosis more frequently than women.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Osteoporosis: A Single-Center Observational Study

Martinis

Sirufo

Polsinelli

et al. 2021

World J Mens Health

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“…An altered gut microbiome can reduce folic acid absorption in the jejunum, leading to hyperhomocysteinemia, which, in turn, induces extracellular bone matrix degradation and decreases the bone mineral density [ 40 ]. Gut bacteria also affect the brain–gut axis by regulating the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) [ 41 ]. Gut-derived 5-HT decreases bone formation, while brain-derived 5-HT has the opposite effect of increasing bone formation [ 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Osteoporosis/Microbiota Linkage: The Role of miRNA

Martinis

Ginaldi

Allegra

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Hundreds of trillions of bacteria are present in the human body in a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship with the host. A stable dynamic equilibrium exists in healthy individuals between the microbiota, host organism, and environment. Imbalances of the intestinal microbiota contribute to the determinism of various diseases. Recent research suggests that the microbiota is also involved in the regulation of the bone metabolism, and its alteration may induce osteoporosis. Due to modern molecular biotechnology, various mechanisms regulating the relationship between bone and microbiota are emerging. Understanding the role of microbiota imbalances in the development of osteoporosis is essential for the development of potential osteoporosis prevention and treatment strategies through microbiota targeting. A relevant complementary mechanism could be also constituted by the permanent relationships occurring between microbiota and microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are a set of small non-coding RNAs able to regulate gene expression. In this review, we recapitulate the physiological and pathological meanings of the microbiota on osteoporosis onset by governing miRNA production. An improved comprehension of the relations between microbiota and miRNAs could furnish novel markers for the identification and monitoring of osteoporosis, and this appears to be an encouraging method for antagomir-guided tactics as therapeutic agents.

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“…Studies have shown that active oxygen is involved in regulating the formation and activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts and is involved in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis [10]. In addition, inflammatory cytokines and homocysteine are playing important roles in the development of DOP, they can increase osteoclastogenesis, leading to increased bone resorption and osteoporosis [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chondroitin Sulfate Prevents STZ Induced Diabetic Osteoporosis through Decreasing Blood Glucose, AntiOxidative Stress, Anti-Inflammation and OPG/RANKL Expression Regulation

Zheng

Chen

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-osteoarthritic and hypoglycemic effects. However, whether it has antidiabetic osteoporosis effects has not been reported. Therefore, in this study, we established a STZ-induced diabetic rat model; CS (500 mg kg−1 d−1) was orally administrated for eight weeks to study its preventive effects on diabetic osteoporosis. The results showed that eight weeks of CS treatment improved the symptoms of diabetes; the CS-treated group has increased body weight, decreased water or food intake, decreased blood glucose, increased bone-mineral density, repaired bone morphology and decreased femoral osteoclasts and tibia adipocytes numbers. After CS treatment, bone histomorphometric parameters returned to normal, the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) decreased significantly, serum SOD, GPX and CAT activities increased and MDA level increased. In the CS-treated group, the levels of serum ALP, CTX-1, TRACP 5b, osteocalcin and RANKL decreased and the serum RUNX 2 and OPG levels increased. Bone immunohistochemistry results showed that CS can effectively increase the expression of OPG and RUNX2 and reduce the expression of RANKL in diabetic rats. All of these indicate that CS could prevent STZ induced diabetic osteoporosis—mainly through decreasing blood glucose, antioxidative stress, anti-inflammation and regulation of OPG/RANKL expression. CS can therefore effectively prevent bone loss caused by diabetes.

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Hyperhomocysteinemia is Associated with Inflammation, Bone Resorption, Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency and MTHFR C677T Polymorphism in Postmenopausal Women with Decreased Bone Mineral Density

Cited by 40 publications

References 56 publications

Gender Differences in Osteoporosis: A Single-Center Observational Study

Gender Differences in Osteoporosis: A Single-Center Observational Study

The Osteoporosis/Microbiota Linkage: The Role of miRNA

Chondroitin Sulfate Prevents STZ Induced Diabetic Osteoporosis through Decreasing Blood Glucose, AntiOxidative Stress, Anti-Inflammation and OPG/RANKL Expression Regulation

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