Hyperhomocysteinemia and Cardiovascular Disease: Is the Adenosinergic System the Missing Link?

Paganelli, Franck; Mottola, Giovanna; Fromonot, Julien; Marlinge, Marion; Deharo, Pierre; Guieu, Régis; Ruf, Jean

doi:10.3390/ijms22041690

Cited by 53 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 220 publications

(246 reference statements)

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“…Synthetic vascular smooth muscle cells accumulate in atheromas and secrete extracellular matrix proteins. Smooth muscle cells and collagen are important components of the fibrous cap that covers the atherosclerotic plaque [12].…”

Section: Cardiovascular Disease: Risk Factors and The Mechanism Of Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High blood pressure is often associated with metabolic deregulation, which leads to high blood cholesterol levels that, such as glucose in type 2 diabetes, damage blood vessels and lead to atherosclerosis. The mutual interaction between hypertension and hypercholesterolemia and their influence on the development of atherosclerosis include the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and endothelial dysfunction [12,15].…”

Section: Cardiovascular Disease: Risk Factors and The Mechanism Of Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Gut Microbiota, Probiotics and Prebiotics in the Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2021

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In recent years, there has been a growing interest in identifying and applying new, naturally occurring molecules that promote health. Probiotics are defined as “live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits on the host”. Quite a few fermented products serve as the source of probiotic strains, with many factors influencing the effectiveness of probiotics, including interactions of probiotic bacteria with the host’s microbiome. Prebiotics contain no microorganisms, only substances which stimulate their growth. Prebiotics can be obtained from various sources, including breast milk, soybeans, and raw oats, however, the most popular prebiotics are the oligosaccharides contained in plants. Recent research increasingly claims that probiotics and prebiotics alleviate many disorders related to the immune system, cancer metastasis, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. However, little is known about the role of these supplements as important dietary components in preventing or treating cardiovascular disease. Still, some reports and clinical studies were conducted, offering new ways of treatment. Therefore, the aim of this review is to discuss the roles of gut microbiota, probiotics, and prebiotics interventions in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Cardiovascular Disease: Risk Factors and The Mechanism Of Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cardiovascular Disease: Risk Factors and The Mechanism Of Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Gut Microbiota, Probiotics and Prebiotics in the Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2021

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“…Homocysteine is a non-proteinogenic amino acid that is a natural by-product of amino-acid metabolism. High plasma levels (above 15 µM) of homocysteine were recognized as important risk factors for the development of several disorders such as cardiovascular and kidney diseases as well as neurodegeneration [ 49 , 50 , 51 ]. Hyperhomocysteinemia arises from folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency, adverse effects induced by drugs affecting the folic acid metabolism such as methotrexate or trimethoprim and by an unhealthy life-style with smoking, alcohol, overweight and physical inactivity.…”

Section: The Role Of H 2 S In Glomerular Pathophys...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathophysiology of H2S in Renal Glomerular Diseases

Beck

Pfeilschifter

2022

Biomolecules

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Renal glomerular diseases such as glomerulosclerosis and diabetic nephropathy often result in the loss of glomerular function and consequently end-stage renal disease. The glomerulus consists of endothelial cells, mesangial cells and glomerular epithelial cells also referred to as podocytes. A fine-tuned crosstalk between glomerular cells warrants control of growth factor synthesis and of matrix production and degradation, preserving glomerular structure and function. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) belongs together with nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) to the group of gasotransmitters. During the last three decades, these higher concentration toxic gases have been found to be produced in mammalian cells in a well-coordinated manner. Recently, it became evident that H2S and the other gasotransmitters share common targets as signalling devices that trigger mainly protective pathways. In several animal models, H2S has been demonstrated as a protective factor in the context of kidney disorders, in particular of diabetic nephropathy. Here, we focus on the synthesis and action of H2S in glomerular cells, its beneficial effects in the glomerulus and its action in the context of the other gaseous signalling molecules NO and CO.

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“…Lipoproteins enter the subendothelial space of arteries and activate endothelial cells. Meanwhile, monocytes in the vascular wall differentiate into macrophages, which engulf lipoproteins and become the so-called foam cells characteristic of atherosclerotic plaque [ 24 ]. Thus, atherosclerosis is a lipid-driven, chronic inflammatory disease, which is a principle predisposing factor for heart disease and stroke.…”

Section: Cvd: Prevalence Pathogenesis and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Benefits of Probiotics and Prebiotics for Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke

Chiou

2021

Nutrients

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Among cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, coronary heart disease and stroke are the most well-known and extensively studied. The onset and progression of CVD is associated with multiple risk factors, among which, gut microbiota has received much attention in the past two decades. Gut microbiota, the microbial community colonizing in the gut, plays a prominent role in human health. In particular, gut dysbiosis is directly related to many acute or chronic dysfunctions of the cardiovascular system (CVS) in the host. Earlier studies have demonstrated that the pathogenesis of CVD is strongly linked to intestinal microbiota imbalance and inflammatory responses. Probiotics and prebiotics conferring various health benefits on the host are emerging as promising therapeutic interventions for many diseases. These two types of food supplements have the potential to alleviate the risks of CVD through improving the levels of several cardiovascular markers, such as total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and certain cytokines involved in the inflammatory response. In this review, we focus mainly on the preventive effects of probiotics and prebiotics on CVD via rebalancing the structural and functional changes in gut microbiota and maintaining immune homeostasis.

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Hyperhomocysteinemia and Cardiovascular Disease: Is the Adenosinergic System the Missing Link?

Cited by 53 publications

References 220 publications

Role of Gut Microbiota, Probiotics and Prebiotics in the Cardiovascular Diseases

Role of Gut Microbiota, Probiotics and Prebiotics in the Cardiovascular Diseases

The Pathophysiology of H2S in Renal Glomerular Diseases

Potential Benefits of Probiotics and Prebiotics for Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke

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