Hypergraphia and brain damage.

Frisoni, Giovanni B.; Scuratti, Alberto; Bianchetti, Angelo; Trabucchi, Marco

doi:10.1136/jnnp.56.5.576-b

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The involvement of the limbic system (Waxman & Geschwind, 1974; Waxman & Geschwind, 2005), and in particular of the hippocampus (Tebartz van Elst et al, 2003) has been hypothesized in the pathogenesis of hypergraphia, possibly reflecting changes in emotional responsiveness (Okamura et al, 1993). Another type of abnormal writing behavior has been described in patients with damage to the non-dominant hemisphere due to stroke (Yamadori, Mori, Tabuchi, Kudo, & Mitani, 1986), tumors (Imamura, Yamadori, & Tsuburaya, 1992), and dementia (Frisoni, Scuratti, Bianchetti, & Trabucchi, 1993). This type of writing behavior is inappropriate, semi-automatic and inattentive and is characterized by spatial disarrangements and poor communicative value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geschwind Syndrome in frontotemporal lobar degeneration: Neuroanatomical and neuropsychological features over 9 years

Veronelli

Makaretz

Quimby

et al. 2017

Cortex

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Geschwind Syndrome, a characteristic behavioral syndrome frequently described in patients affected by temporal lobe epilepsy, consists of the following features: hyper-religiosity, hypergraphia, hyposexuality, and irritability. Here we report the 9-year-clinical course of a case of Geschwind Syndrome that developed as a first and salient clinical expression of right temporal lobe variant of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Only one patient affected by frontotemporal dementia has previously been shown to present with Geschwind Syndrome. MS presented at age 73 with 3 years of personality and behavioral symptoms. Her early symptoms primarily included hyper-religiosity, hypergraphia, and poor emotional regulation (irritability, impulsivity, disinhibition, egocentric behavior). Over nine years, other cognitive functions (word retrieval, memory coding and recall, set-shifting, famous face and building recognition) became affected; however, hyper-religiosity, hypergraphia, and scarce emotional control remained her most prominent deficits. Longitudinal cortical thickness and volumetric analyses revealed early atrophy in the right temporal pole, right amygdala, and right hippocampus, which progressively affected homologous regions in the left hemisphere. The present case describes an unusual clinical picture associated with frontotemporal dementia, in which the most salient symptoms originated and remained consistent with Geschwind Syndrome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geschwind Syndrome in frontotemporal lobar degeneration: Neuroanatomical and neuropsychological features over 9 years

Veronelli

Makaretz

Quimby

et al. 2017

Cortex

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show abstract

“…Frontal lobe lesion was also thought be associated with these symptoms, 7 which could explain the the patient's disinihibition. However, our case did not compulsively write as seen in the previous cases; 5–7 delusion was considerd to be a main symptom.…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The third episode may be considered as a kind of hypergraphia, a well‐known symptom reported in cases with temporal lobe epilepsy or right hemisphere lesion 4–6 . Frontal lobe lesion was also thought be associated with these symptoms, 7 which could explain the the patient's disinihibition. However, our case did not compulsively write as seen in the previous cases; 5–7 delusion was considerd to be a main symptom.…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent delusional ideas due to left caudate head infarction, without dementia

Meguro¹,

Meguro²,

Akanuma³

2012

Psychogeriatrics

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Herein we report the case of a 77-year-old, right-handed man, without dementia, who had a cerebral infarction in the left caudate head that manifested recurrent delusional ideas. He experienced three episodes of delusional ideas; the first two occurred after loss of consciousness and the third after delirium at night. MRI findings of left caudate head infarction were the same for all three episodes. An unstable cerebral perfusion may have caused problems in the cerebral network between the caudate head and cerebral cortex. Decreased cerebral blood flow in the frontal lobe was noted particularly in the second and third episodes, supporting the neurological background of disinhibition of emotional behaviour. Antipsychotic drugs and a small dose of risperidone were effective in controlling the patient's delusional ideas.

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“…Increased writing activity is seldom seen in neurological conditions, except in some patients with cerebrovascular disease [ 1 ], frontal-type dementia [ 2 ], temporal lobe epilepsy [ 3 ], and Parkinson's disease [ 4 ]. It has never been reported in capsular genu infarction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Automatic Writing Behavior following a Left Inferior Capsular Genu Infarction

Suzuki

Miyamoto

et al. 2009

Case Rep Neurol

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A 79-year-old, right-handed woman was admitted to the hospital with decreased spontaneity. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a left inferior capsular genu infarction. ^99mTC-ECD single-photon emission computed tomography revealed a left-dominant diffuse hypoperfusionin the basal ganglia and frontal lobe. The patient showed abulia and increased writing activity without motor or sensory deficit. The writing was mainly perseverative, and words written along lines were legible and without spatial distortions. This augmented writing behavior disappeared on day 21. The writing characteristic was more similar to automatic writing behavior than hypergraphia. Dissociation between speech and writing behavior was present in our patient. We suggest that a disconnection within the frontal-subcortical circuit contributed to the development of motor perseveration in writing.

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Hypergraphia and brain damage.

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Geschwind Syndrome in frontotemporal lobar degeneration: Neuroanatomical and neuropsychological features over 9 years

Geschwind Syndrome in frontotemporal lobar degeneration: Neuroanatomical and neuropsychological features over 9 years

Recurrent delusional ideas due to left caudate head infarction, without dementia

Transient Automatic Writing Behavior following a Left Inferior Capsular Genu Infarction

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