Hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers

Butkowski, Eugene; Jelinek, Herbert F.

doi:10.1080/13510002.2016.1215643

Cited by 65 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Similar findings were reported in earlier studies which also demonstrated higher MDA levels and depleted glutathione content in newly diagnosed diabetes patients and. Lower level of GSH was reported in patients with hyperglycaemia . SOD levels in newly detected cases of diabetes were reported to be high in few studies and low in a few others …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Association of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers with chronic stress in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Siddiqui

Desai

Sharma

et al. 2019

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Aims: Chronic stress is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Oxidative stress and inflammation are potential mediators of this risk. This study was conducted to investigate the association of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers with chronic stress and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Methods: Oxidative stress/antioxidant status (malondialdehyde [MDA], reduce glutathione [GSH], glutathione reductase [GR], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD]), inflammatory markers (highly sensitive Creactive protein [hsCRP], adiponectin, leptin), chronic stress levels as assessed by stress scales-presumptive stressful life events scale (PSLES), perceived stress scale (PSS), sense of coherence (SOC) and stress biomarker-salivary cortisol in 125 subjects with newly detected diabetes mellitus (NDDM) were compared with an equal number of age and sex matched subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT).Results: NDDM subjects as compared with NGT had significantly increased MDA (P < 0.001), hsCRP (P < 0.001), and leptin (P = 0.014) levels and increased GR (P = 0.043) and SOD (P < 0.001) activity along with decreased GSH (P < 0.001) and adiponectin (P < 0.001) levels. They also had significantly higher PSLES-LT and PSS and lower SOC scores along with elevated levels of 10:00 PM salivary cortisol and post dexamethasone salivary cortisol as compared with NGT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Association of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers with chronic stress in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Siddiqui

Desai

Sharma

et al. 2019

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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“…IL-6 was significantly elevated in the prediabetes groups compared with the control group, whereas no such difference was observed between the prediabetes subgroups. IL-6 has exhibited no significant variation between the prediabetes groups and controls [53]. However, increased IL-6, another proinflammatory marker, is observed in hyperglycemic/hyperinsulinemic conditions [54,55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immune-opioid axis in prediabetes: prediction of prediabetes with insulin resistance by plasma interleukin-10 and Endomorphin-2 to kappa-opioid receptors ratio

Moustafa¹

2020

Preprint

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BackgroundPrediabetes is characterized by a hemoglobin A1c of 5.7%–6.4% and fasting blood glucose of 100–125 mg/dl. A high percentage of prediabetes subjects develops into type 2 diabetes mellitus in the following years. The effect of opioid peptides and their receptors, in addition to immunological cytokines on prediabetes, is not well understood.ObjectiveWe hypothesize that opioid peptides and their receptors affect the insulin and the insulin resistance (IR) in patients with prediabetes and that the immune cytokines, IL-6 (inflammatory factor) and IL-10 (anti-inflammatory factor), influence the opioid system.MethodsA total of 60 patients with prediabetes and IR (prediabetes+IR), 60 patients with prediabetes without IR (prediabetes-IR), and 60 controls participated in the study. The IR state was HOMAIR > 2.5. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, μ- and κ-opioid receptors (MOR and KOR), endomorphin-2 (EM2), and β- endorphin (βEP).ResultsThe subjects with prediabetes had dyslipidemia, and not all of them underwent the IR state. The IL-6, IL-10, β-endorphin, MOR, and endomorphin-2 were higher in the prediabetes subgroups compared with the control group. MOR was correlated with IL-10 and KOR. Prediabetes+IR can be predicted by the increased levels of the combination of IL-10, βEP, and EM2 and by the combination of IL-10 and endomorphin-2/KOR with good sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionOpioid peptides and their receptors were upregulated in patients with prediabetes depending on the significance of IR. These changes in the opioid system depend on the immune cytokines. Both systems need to be normalized to prevent further development into diabetes mellitus.

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“…At presentation, type 2 diabetes is most often accompanied by other comorbidities including overweight/obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidaemia, features which are less common in type 1 diabetes at diagnosis, but which may occur as complications of type 1 diabetes later in the course of the disease. Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes; however, research has shown that these metabolic disturbances are very pronounced in type 2 diabetes (40)(41)(42)(43)(44) . The oxidative stress, inflammation, adiposity and dyslipidaemia which characterise diabetes may have independent relationships with MPOD, and therefore constitute plausible causal mechanisms in diabetic eye disease.…”

Section: Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the putative causal mechanisms associated with lower macular pigment in diabetes mellitus

et al. 2019

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Macular pigment (MP) confers potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects at the macula, and may therefore protect retinal tissue from the oxidative stress and inflammation associated with ocular disease and ageing. There is a body of evidence implicating oxidative damage and inflammation as underlying pathological processes in diabetic retinopathy. MP has therefore become a focus of research in diabetes, with recent evidence suggesting that individuals with diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes, have lower MP relative to healthy controls. The present review explores the currently available evidence to illuminate the metabolic perturbations that may possibly be involved in MP's depletion. Metabolic co-morbidities commonly associated with type 2 diabetes, such as overweight/obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance, may have related and independent relationships with MP. Increased adiposity and dyslipidaemia may adversely affect MP by compromising the availability, transport and assimilation of these dietary carotenoids in the retina. Furthermore, carotenoid intake may be compromised by the dietary deficiencies characteristic of type 2 diabetes, thereby further compromising redox homeostasis. Candidate causal mechanisms to explain the lower MP levels reported in diabetes include increased oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, overweight/ obesity and dyslipidaemia; factors that may negatively affect redox status, and the availability, transport and stabilisation of carotenoids in the retina. Further study in diabetic populations is warranted to fully elucidate these relationships.

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Hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers

Cited by 65 publications

References 66 publications

Association of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers with chronic stress in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Association of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers with chronic stress in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

The immune-opioid axis in prediabetes: prediction of prediabetes with insulin resistance by plasma interleukin-10 and Endomorphin-2 to kappa-opioid receptors ratio

A review of the putative causal mechanisms associated with lower macular pigment in diabetes mellitus

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