Hyperfine interaction in the ground state of the negatively charged nitrogen vacancy center in diamond

Felton, Solveig; Edmonds, Andrew M.; Newton, Mark E.; Martineau, P. M.; Fisher, David; Twitchen, Daniel J.; Baker, J M

doi:10.1103/physrevb.79.075203

Cited by 251 publications

(255 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Our parameters agree closely with those reported by Felton et al, 19 however we significantly improve on the accuracy of the parameters due to the high resolution of our FT-ESEEM spectra as compared to their ESR/ENDOR spectra. Our parameter errors reported in Table II are dominated by errors in orienting the crystals during the experiments.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Spin coherence and 14 N ESEEM effects of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond with X-band pulsed ESR

Rose

Weis

Tyryshkin

et al. 2017

Diamond and Related Materials

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Pulsed ESR experiments are reported for ensembles of negatively-charged nitrogen-vacancy centers (NV − ) in diamonds at X-band magnetic fields (280-400 mT) and low temperatures (2-70 K). The NV − centers in synthetic type IIb diamonds (nitrogen impurity concentration < 1 ppm) are prepared with bulk concentrations of 2 · 10 13 cm −3 to 4 · 10 14 cm −3 by high-energy electron irradiation and subsequent annealing. We find that a proper post-radiation anneal (1000• C for 60 mins) is critically important to repair the radiation damage and to recover long electron spin coherence times for NV − s. After the annealing, spin coherence times of T2 = 0.74 ms at 5 K are achieved, being only limited by 13 C nuclear spectral diffusion in natural abundance diamonds. At X-band magnetic fields, strong electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) is observed originating from the central 14 N nucleus. The ESEEM spectral analysis allows for accurate determination of the 14 N nuclear hypefine and quadrupole tensors. In addition, the ESEEM effects from two proximal 13 C sites (second-nearest neighbor and fourth-nearest neighbor) are resolved and the respective 13 C hyperfine coupling constants are extracted.

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supporting

confidence: 90%

Spin coherence and 14 N ESEEM effects of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond with X-band pulsed ESR

Rose

Weis

Tyryshkin

et al. 2017

Diamond and Related Materials

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“…Such a value is in good agreement with the spin ensemble-resonator coupling constants reported in the main text of the manuscript. MHz between ESR frequencies associated with different nuclear spin projections [6]. This hyperfine structure can be easily observed in our sample by decreasing the microwave power in order to reduce power broadening of the ESR linewidth [3] (Fig.…”

Section: Adiabatic Pulse Parametersmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…On the one hand, microscopic systems such as atoms or spins are naturally well decoupled from their environment and as such can reach extremely long coherence times [1,2]; on the other hand, more macroscopic objects such as superconducting circuits are strongly coupled to electromagnetic fields, making them easy to entangle [3,4] although with shorter coherence times [5,6]. It thus seems appealing to combine the two types of systems in hybrid structures that could possibly take the best of both worlds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Quantum Circuit with a Superconducting Qubit Coupled to a Spin Ensemble

et al. 2011

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Present-day implementations of quantum information processing rely on two widely different types of quantum bits (qubits). On the one hand, microscopic systems such as atoms or spins are naturally well decoupled from their environment and as such can reach extremely long coherence times [1,2]; on the other hand, more macroscopic objects such as superconducting circuits are strongly coupled to electromagnetic fields, making them easy to entangle [3,4] although with shorter coherence times [5,6]. It thus seems appealing to combine the two types of systems in hybrid structures that could possibly take the best of both worlds. Here we report the first experimental realization of a hybrid quantum circuit in which a superconducting qubit of the transmon type [5,7] is coherently coupled to a spin ensemble consisting of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in a diamond crystal [8] via a frequency-tunable superconducting resonator [9] acting as a quantum bus. Using this circuit, we prepare arbitrary superpositions of the qubit states that we store into collective excitations of the spin ensemble and retrieve back later on into the qubit. We demonstrate that this process preserves quantum coherence by performing quantum state tomography of the qubit. These results constitute a first proof of concept of spin-ensemble based quantum memory for superconducting qubits [10][11][12]. As a landmark of the successful marriage between a superconducting qubit and electronic spins, we detect with the qubit the hyperfine structure of the NV center.Superconducting qubits have been successfully coupled to electromagnetic [13] as well as mechanical [14] resonators; but coupling them to microscopic systems in a controlled way has up to now remained an elusive perspective -even though qubits sometimes turn out to be coupled to unknown and uncontrolled microscopic degrees of freedom with relatively short coherence times [15]. Whereas the coupling constant g of one individual microscopic system to a superconducting circuit is usually too weak for quantum information applications, ensembles of N such systems are coupled with a constant g √ N enhanced by collective effects.This makes possible to reach a regime of strong coupling between one collective variable of the ensemble and the circuit. This collective variable, which behaves in the low excitation limit as a harmonic oscillator, has been proposed [10-12] as a quantum memory for storing the state of superconducting qubits. Experimentally, the strong coupling between an ensemble of electronic spins and a superconducting resonator has been demonstrated 2 spectroscopically [16][17][18], and the storage of a microwave field into collective excitations of a spin ensemble has been observed very recently [19,20]. These experiments were however carried out in a classical regime since the resonator and spin ensemble behaved as two coupled harmonic oscillators driven by large microwave fields. In the perspective of building a quantum memory, it is instead necessary to perform experiments at the level of a...

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“…Such a condition can be established near the level anticrossing in the excited state (ESLAC at B51 mT, Fig. 1b); near 100% polarization has been observed for nuclei such as 14 N or 15 N adjacent to the vacancy (that is, the nuclei of the nitrogen component of the NV centre), as well as proximal 13 C. In these experiments, the broad dependence of 14 N or 15 N polarization on magnetic field suggests the involvement of the isotropic component of the hyperfine interaction (the hyperfine interaction with 15 N or 14 N is isotropic in the excited state 32,33 ). The 13 C hyperfine couplings, on the other hand, are generally anisotropic in the ground state, and they vary with the lattice site 34,35 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

Sensitive magnetic control of ensemble nuclear spin hyperpolarization in diamond

et al. 2013

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Dynamic nuclear polarization, which transfers the spin polarization of electrons to nuclei, is routinely applied to enhance the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance. This method is particularly useful when spin hyperpolarization can be produced and controlled optically or electrically. Here we show complete polarization of nuclei located near optically polarized nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond. Close to the ground-state level anti-crossing condition of the nitrogen-vacancy electron spins, 13 C nuclei in the first shell are polarized in a pattern that depends sensitively upon the magnetic field. Based on the anisotropy of the hyperfine coupling and of the optical polarization mechanism, we predict and observe a reversal of the nuclear spin polarization with only a few millitesla change in the magnetic field. This method of magnetic control of high nuclear polarization at room temperature can be applied in sensitivity enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance of bulk nuclei, nuclear-based spintronics, and quantum computation in diamond.

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Hyperfine interaction in the ground state of the negatively charged nitrogen vacancy center in diamond

Cited by 251 publications

References 26 publications

Spin coherence and 14 N ESEEM effects of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond with X-band pulsed ESR

Spin coherence and 14 N ESEEM effects of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond with X-band pulsed ESR

Hybrid Quantum Circuit with a Superconducting Qubit Coupled to a Spin Ensemble

Sensitive magnetic control of ensemble nuclear spin hyperpolarization in diamond

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