Hyperfiltration studies. XI. Salt-rejection properties of dynamically formed hydrous zirconium(IV) oxide membranes

Review of Dynamic Membranes

“…The findings of the pioneering work carried out at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory were published as part of a comprehensive series of articles entitled "Hyperfiltration Studies" , Shor et al 1968, Johnson et al 1968). The initial dynamic membranes were formed from FeC13, which had been aggregated by boiling in solution, on a silver frit with an average pore size of 0.8 mm ).…”

“…Later work at Oak Ridge (Shor et al 1968) focused exclusively on the properties of hydrous zirconium oxide membranes, which were formed on a variety of porous tubes. Rejections of 72 to 97% and permeabilities of 4.2 to 5.9 L/m 2 h.bar were achieved for a number of solutions, including 0.025N solutions of NaCl, NaBr, NaClO 4 and BaCl 2 at a pH of 3 to 4.…”

Dynamically formed inner skin hollow fiber polydimethylsiloxane/polysulfone composite membrane for alcohol permselective pervaporation

“…However, in the case of hollow fiber module, it is difficult to obtain inner separation layer using this method. Dynamic formed membrane (DFM) is formed by filtration through a porous support of a dilute solution containing specific membrane forming materials [15][16][17]. With regard to the dynamically coated membrane, the coating layer of was consecutively formed with the coating time onto the support membrane surface in a dynamic manner.…”

Dynamic Membrane Formation Mechanisms of a Combined Coagulation Dynamic Membrane Process in Treating Polluted River Water at a Constant Pressure

“…The most promising results were obtained from inorganic hydrous oxides, especially Zr(IV) oxide and polyacrylic acid (PAA) [7,8]. But self-forming dynamic membranes are usually formed by the materials which will be separated [2].…”