Hypereosinophilia

Hypereosinophilia due to Myiasis

“…Moderate eosinophilia in childhood is mostly associated with either allergic reactions or parasitic infections. Most authors define hypereosinophilia as a peripheral eosinophil count of more than 1.5 × 10 9 /l and although it is often associated with myeloproliferative disorders or Toxocara infections, idiopathic presentations have also been described [1]. …”

“…These are mature cells that modulate anaphylactic reactions and control parasitic infestation by secreting cytotoxic substances like cationic protein that has an effect on the coagulation system in vitro, thereby explaining the thromboembolic disorders that occur in the severe forms of eosinophilia with associated cardiac and neurological symptoms. Eosinophilic cells can generate toxic oxidative products, proteins and cytokines (IL-3, IL-5) which cause inflammation and fibrosis with neurotoxic or endothelial effects [1, 2, 3, 4]. …”

Efficacy of Prolonged Low-Dose Steroid Treatment in a Child with Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: A Case Report

“…Marked hypereosinophilia (>50,OOO/pL) and heavy organ dysfunction, however, are associated with a very poor prognosis. The dismal outcome of these patients has been related to the potential cytotoxic effect of basic proteins contained in the cytoplasmic granules of eosino-phils through direct damage to different tissues, especially the myocardium [6]. Due to clinical reasons, steroid treatment was started after only 3 weeks of observation in our patient.…”

Hypereosinophilia associated with cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma

“…However, hypereosinophilia, defined as an absolute eosinophil count of over 1,500/mm 3 , is associated with fewer conditions (Table I), and its recognition can help narrow the differential diagnosis [1]. Hypereosinophilia is associated with helminthic infections [4], intrinsic asthma [5], and collagen vascular diseases such as ChurgStrauss syndrome [6] and eosinophilic fasciitis [7].…”

“…The recognition of hypereosinophilia, defined by most authorities as an absolute eosinophil count above 1,500/mm 3 , can help clinicians focus their differential diagnoses [1]. Hypereosinophilia in malignancy is an uncommon occurrence that typically carries a poor prognosis.…”