Hypercoagulability in Patients With Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Identification of Arterial and Venous Thromboembolism in the Abdomen, Pelvis, and Lower Extremities

Bowel necrosis in patient with severe case of COVID-19: a case report

“…Several researchers have reported the link between COVID-19 and generalized organ damage, including organs in the abdominopelvic. This association is thought to be because SARS-CoV-2 binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor found in alveolar epithelial cells in the lung, and these receptors are also detected in gastrointestinal epithelial cells resulting in infection and local viral replication, and increase cytotoxic effect [ 4 , 5 ]. In addition, some authors also think that organ damage in some COVID-19 patients may be caused by severe systemic inflammation caused by upregulation of cellular and natural immunity.…”

“…In addition, COVID-19 may also predispose to venous and arterial thromboembolic diseases due to excessive inflammation, hypoxia and diffuse intravascular coagulation through the triad of hypercoagulation, blood stasis, and endothelial injury. This occurrence of vascular thickening and thromboembolic resulting in increased hypoxemia with predictive value of adverse outcomes associated with d -dimer levels [ 2 , 4 ].…”

Ischemic gastrointestinal complications of COVID-19: a systematic review on imaging presentation

“…Consistent with this review results, Dane et al reported that solid organ infarction in COVID-19 patients follows vasculature patterns and may result from microthrombi. 47 Among the cases of bowel ischemia in the setting of COVID-19 in our systematic review, the most common non-thrombotic radiologic findings were bowel wall unenhancement (which is a specific sign for ischemia) and bowel wall thickening (which is probably the more sensitive sign of ischemia).…”

Bowel Necrosis in Patient with Severe Case of COVID-19: A Case Report

“…This association is thought to be because SARS-CoV-2 binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor found in alveolar epithelial cells in the lung, and these receptors are also detected in gastrointestinal epithelial cells resulting in infection and local viral replication, and increase cytotoxic effect. (4,5) In addition, some authors also think that organ damage in some COVID-19 patients may be caused by severe systemic in ammation caused by upregulation of cellular and natural immunity. SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers the activation of T lymphocytes and the in ammatory signaling pathway which ultimately results in the release of multiple proin ammatory cytokine, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL) -2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).…”

“…This occurrence of vascular thickening and thromboembolic resulting in increased hypoxemia with predictive value of adverse outcomes associated with D-dimer levels. (2,4) In this case report, we describe a patient with COVID-19 who developed a bowel necrosis that required emergent surgical treatment.…”