Hypercalcemic Crisis: A Clinical Review

Ahmad, Shazia; Kuraganti, Gayatri; Steenkamp, Devin

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.09.030

Cited by 138 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly in contrast to other reports [1, 3, 5], Guimard et al [43] reported a recent study about association between severe hypercalcemia defined as SCa total > 16 mg/dL and life-threatening complications such as cardiac arrhythmia and coma with a median stay of 7 h 32 min in the emergency department. Thirty-one of 126,204 adult patients admitted to the emergency department had severe hypercalcemia (0.025%) and they found no significant relation between severe hypercalcemia and life-threatening complications.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

“…Symptoms related to hypercalcemia consist of gastrointestinal disorders [8, 41], somnolence or coma [8, 29, 42], progressive azotemia, and electrocardiographic changes with the risk of cardiac arrhythmia [1, 8, 10, 29]. Renal manifestations of hypercalcemia consist of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, renal vasoconstriction, distal renal tubular acidosis, and in more chronic cases, nephrolithiasis, tubular dysfunction, and chronic renal failure [1, 8]. AKI was detected in most of the patients probably related to prerenal azotemia because of gastrointestinal disorder or dehydration, hematologic malignancies especially multiple myeloma and drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In severely symptomatic patients despite less marked hypercalcemia, the diagnosis of hypercalcemic crisis should also be considered [1]. Primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy are the 2 most common causes, together accounting for about 90% of all cases [2, 3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of Low-Calcium Hemodialysis in the Treatment of Hypercalcemic Crisis

Trabulus

Oruç

Ozgun

et al. 2018

Nephron

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Background: We reviewed the results of low-calcium hemodialysis (LCHD; 1.25 mmol/L) in the treatment of 42 cases admitting with hypercalcemic crisis. Methods: All patients (≥18 years) who started LCHD due to hypercalcemia between 2002 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Biochemical data were obtained at the beginning of the first hemodialysis and at the end of the last hemodialysis. “Refractory” cases were defined as patients having albumin corrected serum total calcium (SCa_total) levels above 10.2 mg/dL despite of all medical, surgical, and hemodialysis treatments. Results: By acceptance of 3 cases admitted again over 6 months as new cases, a total of 42 cases (male, 57.1%) with a mean age of 55.9 ± 14.8 years underwent urgent hemodialysis. Most of the patients (82.1%) had malignancies. The mean SCa_total level at the beginning of hemodialysis sessions was 15.89 ± 2.53 mg/dL. The mean decline of SCa_total level was 4.63 ± 2.72 mg/dL. Refractory cases received hemodialysis after admission significantly later than improved cases (48 [interquartile ranges (IQR) 24–168] vs. 24 [IQR 12–48] h, p = 0.010). Serum creatinine and SCa_total levels at the last visit were significantly more in refractory cases than improved cases (1.92 [IQR 0.81–3.41] vs. 1.30 [IQR 0.8–1.7] mg/dL, p = 0.031 and 12.43 ± 2.53 vs. 8.86 ± 0.67 mg/dL, p = 0.000 respectively). Mortality was significantly higher in refractory cases than improved cases (58.8 vs. 10.5%, p = 0.002). Overall mortality rate was 33.3%. Conclusion: Hypercalcemic crisis is a life-threatening condition and should be managed immediately.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of Low-Calcium Hemodialysis in the Treatment of Hypercalcemic Crisis

Trabulus

Oruç

Ozgun

et al. 2018

Nephron

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“…A Rare Cause of Hypercalcemia: "Immobilization" Administration of calcitonin effectively decreases the serum calcium concentration but its effect is known to be limited to a few days only because of development of tachyphylaxis [18]. At present, calcitonin is not available in our country.…”

Section: Medicine Science 2015;4(3):2521-7mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Cause of Hypercalcemia: Immobilization A Case Report and Literature Review

Elbüken¹,

Yazıcıoğlu²,

Öztürk³

et al. 2015

Med-Science

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“…8,10,11 Neurologic manifestations are mainly cognitive and neuromuscular in nature and range from personality changes, to lack of concentration, memory impairment, and, in severe cases, lethargy and coma. 12 Other rarely reported neurologic manifestations include PRES.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: A Case of Hypercalcemia

et al. 2018

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RESUMOA síndrome de encefalopatia posterior reversível corresponde a uma encefalopatia que pode caracterizar-se clinicamente por cefaleia, alteração do estado de consciência e/ou crises epiléticas. A neuroimagem geralmente revela edema vasogénico subcortical bilateral occipito-parietal reversível. A fisiopatologia permanece por esclarecer mas frequentemente associa-se a hipertensão, insuficiência renal, sépsis e uso de terapêutica imunossupressora. O seu desenvolvimento no contexto de hipercalcémia severa é extremamente raro. Os autores apresentam um caso de síndrome de encefalopatia posterior reversível numa doente normotensa com hipercalcemia severa como etiologia mais provável.

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Hypercalcemic Crisis: A Clinical Review

Cited by 138 publications

References 50 publications

The Use of Low-Calcium Hemodialysis in the Treatment of Hypercalcemic Crisis

The Use of Low-Calcium Hemodialysis in the Treatment of Hypercalcemic Crisis

A Rare Cause of Hypercalcemia: Immobilization A Case Report and Literature Review

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: A Case of Hypercalcemia

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Hypercalcemic Crisis: A Clinical Review

Cited by 138 publications

References 50 publications

The Use of Low-Calcium Hemodialysis in the Treatment of Hypercalcemic Crisis

The Use of Low-Calcium Hemodialysis in the Treatment of Hypercalcemic Crisis

A Rare Cause of Hypercalcemia: &#147;Immobilization&#148; A Case Report and Literature Review

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: A Case of Hypercalcemia

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A Rare Cause of Hypercalcemia: Immobilization A Case Report and Literature Review