Hypercalcemia Associated with Uroepithelial Neoplasms

Hypercalcemia Associated with Transitional Cell Carcinoma without Bone Metastases: Description of Two Cases

“…Of these tumors 4 were epidermoid carcinoma [5][6][7][8][9], 3 were squamous cell carcinoma [5,10,11], and 6 were transitional cell carci noma [12][13][14][15]. Squamous cell carcinoma accounts for about 15% of all bladder tumors with about 76% of tran sitional cell carcinoma [16], It is possible that squamous cell carcinomas are more commonly involved in releas ing hypercalcémie factor similar to the finding by Bender and Hansen [ 17] in bronchogenic carcinoma.…”

“…Evidence was found for two possible mechanisms that caused hypercalcemia in these tumors. Mandell et al [13] and Beca-Giraudon et al [8] described increased levels of parathormone in 3 cases. In 2 other cases McKay et al [14] and Eddeland and Hedelin [5] found increased excre tion of prostaglandin in the urine in the presence of a normal parathormone level.…”