Hyperbolic phonon–polaritons

Jacob, Zubin

doi:10.1038/nmat4149

Cited by 157 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…There is a number of materials having a large anisotropy instead. For example, h-BN exhibits very large optical phonon anisotropy such that the planar (ordinary) and axial (extraordinary) Reststrahlen bands do not overlap anymore 23,28,30,32,33 . Similarly, several oxides like α-quartz or sapphire exhibit different numbers of axial and planar infrared-active phonon modes 41,46 .…”

Section: Surface Phonon Polaritons In Hyperbolic α-Quartzmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, several oxides like α-quartz or sapphire exhibit different numbers of axial and planar infrared-active phonon modes 41,46 . Both scenarios can lead to infrared spectral regions where the material exhibits a hyperbolic dispersion of its dielectric response, meaning that the real part of its dielectric tensor has both positive and negative principle components 32,33 . In the spectral regions where only one element is negative, the hyperbolic material is of type I, while for two negative components, it is of type II 32 .…”

Section: Surface Phonon Polaritons In Hyperbolic α-Quartzmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is exactly in these materials and atomic-scale heterostructures thereof [23][24][25][26] , that SPhPs have very recently been demonstrated to enable many novel phenomena such as hyperbolic superlensing 27,28 and negative refraction 29,30 . For instance, hexagonal boron nitride as one of the key components of van der Waals heterostructures 31 , displays many interesting nanophotonic properties due to its naturally hyperbolic character 23,28,30,32,33 . Therefore, a most general, robust, and easily implementable numera) Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6,14195 Berlin, Germany; Electronic mail: passler@fhi-berlin.mpg.de b) Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6,14195 Berlin, Germany ical formalism to analyze the optical response in arbitrarily anisotropic multilayer heterostructures is highly desirable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generalized 4 × 4 matrix formalism for light propagation in anisotropic stratified media: study of surface phonon polaritons in polar dielectric heterostructures

2017

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We present a generalized 4×4 matrix formalism for the description of light propagation in birefringent stratified media. In contrast to previous work, our algorithm is capable of treating arbitrarily anisotropic or isotropic, absorbing or non-absorbing materials and is free of discontinous solutions. We calculate the reflection and transmission coefficients and derive equations for the electric field distribution for any number of layers. The algorithm is easily comprehensible and can be straight forwardly implemented in a computer program. To demonstrate the capabilities of the approach, we calculate the reflectivities, electric field distributions, and dispersion curves for surface phonon polaritons excited in the Otto geometry for selected model systems, where we observe several distinct phenomena ranging from critical coupling to mode splitting, and surface phonon polaritons in hyperbolic media.

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Section: Surface Phonon Polaritons In Hyperbolic α-Quartzmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Surface Phonon Polaritons In Hyperbolic α-Quartzmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generalized 4 × 4 matrix formalism for light propagation in anisotropic stratified media: study of surface phonon polaritons in polar dielectric heterostructures

2017

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“…Compared to other hyperbolic metama-terials constructed with metal and isotropic dielectrics, such a multilayer structure could enable an actively tunable hyperbolic response by changing the chemical potential of graphene. Note that hBN naturally possesses two mid-infrared Reststrahlen bands that have hyperbolic response [27,28]. Thus, transitions between natural to effective hyperbolic response may also occur in such type of structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-field heat transfer between graphene/hBN multilayers

et al. 2017

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We study the radiative heat transfer between multilayer structures made by a periodic repetition of a graphene sheet and a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) slab. Surface plasmons in a monolayer graphene can couple with a hyperbolic phonon polaritons in a single hBN film to form hybrid polaritons that can assist photon tunneling. For periodic multilayer graphene/hBN structures, the stacked metallic/dielectric array can give rise to a further effective hyperbolic behavior, in addition to the intrinsic natural hyperbolic behavior of hBN. The effective hyperbolicity can enable more hyperbolic polaritons that enhance the photon tunneling and hence the near-field heat transfer. However, the hybrid polaritons on the surface, i.e. surface plasmon-phonon polaritons, dominate the near-field heat transfer between multilayer structures when the topmost layer is graphene. The effective hyperbolic regions can be well predicted by the effective medium theory (EMT), thought EMT fails to capture the hybrid surface polaritons and results in a heat transfer rate much lower compared to the exact calculation. The chemical potential of the graphene sheets can be tuned through electrical gating and results in an additional modulation of the heat transfer. We found that the near-field heat transfer between multilayer structure does not increase monotonously with the number of layer in the stack, which provides a way to control the heat transfer rate by the number of graphene layers in the multilayer structure. The results may benefit the applications of near-field energy harvesting and radiative cooling based on hybrid polaritons in two-dimensional materials.

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“…Furthermore, due to its layered crystal structure (uniaxial anisotropy), the permittivity tensor is diagonal, with and being the components parallel and perpendicular to the anisotropy axis, respectively. When the phonon–polaritons propagate inside the material and exhibit a hyperbolic dispersion2324, that is, the isofrequency surface of the polariton wavevector q ( ω ) = ( q x , q y , q z ) presents a hyperboloid. For h-BN, we find two reststrahlen bands, where one of the permittivity components is negative.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoimaging of resonating hyperbolic polaritons in linear boron nitride antennas

et al. 2017

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Polaritons in layered materials—including van der Waals materials—exhibit hyperbolic dispersion and strong field confinement, which makes them highly attractive for applications including optical nanofocusing, sensing and control of spontaneous emission. Here we report a near-field study of polaritonic Fabry–Perot resonances in linear antennas made of a hyperbolic material. Specifically, we study hyperbolic phonon–polaritons in rectangular waveguide antennas made of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN, a prototypical van der Waals crystal). Infrared nanospectroscopy and nanoimaging experiments reveal sharp resonances with large quality factors around 100, exhibiting atypical modal near-field patterns that have no analogue in conventional linear antennas. By performing a detailed mode analysis, we can assign the antenna resonances to a single waveguide mode originating from the hybridization of hyperbolic surface phonon–polaritons (Dyakonov polaritons) that propagate along the edges of the h-BN waveguide. Our work establishes the basis for the understanding and design of linear waveguides, resonators, sensors and metasurface elements based on hyperbolic materials and metamaterials.

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Hyperbolic phonon–polaritons

Cited by 157 publications

References 14 publications

Generalized 4 × 4 matrix formalism for light propagation in anisotropic stratified media: study of surface phonon polaritons in polar dielectric heterostructures

Generalized 4 × 4 matrix formalism for light propagation in anisotropic stratified media: study of surface phonon polaritons in polar dielectric heterostructures

Near-field heat transfer between graphene/hBN multilayers

Nanoimaging of resonating hyperbolic polaritons in linear boron nitride antennas

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