Hyperbary – the common roots of treatment of people and exploration of sea depths

Siermontowski, Piotr; Zieliński, Ewa; Olszański, Romuald

doi:10.15442/apgr.20.3.14

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

(4 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…With SCUBA gear, the diver could now bring along his own breathing gas in a compressed air cylinder and be completely independent of the surface. Although Jacques Cousteau (of underwater filming fame) is credited for developing the Aqua-Lung (twin hose scuba equipment) in France for commercial and recreational diving circa 1945 (Richardson 1999), the original concept of the on-demand regulator and use in a diving suit was developed and patented by Benoît Rouquayrol in 1860 (Siermontowski et al 2016).…”

Section: Scuba Open-circuit Breathingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physics of human breathing: flow, timing, volume, and pressure parameters for normal, on-demand, and ventilator respiration

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Normal breathing for healthy humans is taken for granted; it occurs without conscious effort using ambient (1-atmosphere) pressure with 21% oxygen (O2) concentration. The body automatically adjusts for stress, exercise, altitude, and mild disease by increasing the volume and frequency of breathing. Longer term adaptations for exercise and altitude include increases in red blood cell counts and higher concentrations of capillaries in muscle tissue. When more challenging external environmental conditions or pulmonary illnesses exceed the capability for these adaptations, the human system requires technology to maintain sufficient ventilation to preserve life. On the environmental side there are two conditions to be addressed: toxicity of the surrounding atmosphere and changes in external pressure and O2 concentration. On the medical side, mechanisms for assisting breathing include O2 supplementation at ambient pressure, positive pressure/flow without additional O2, or a combination of both. This overview describes the various technologies applied to maintaining a safe breathing environment. Topics for environmental intervention include filter-based and flowing air-supply masks for toxic environments (occupational and laboratory protection), and on-demand gas supply systems for firefighters, self-contained underwater breathing apparatus divers, and altitude (high performance aircraft, spacecraft) applications. The topics for medical intervention include nasal cannula, continuous positive airway pressure, and medical ventilators. The primary purpose of this article is to provide a basic understanding of normal human breathing and the adaptation of breathing in different environments using available technologies.

show abstract

Section: Scuba Open-circuit Breathingmentioning

confidence: 99%