Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Tissue Regeneration: A Literature Survey

Abstract

By addressing the mechanisms involved in transcription, signaling, stress reaction, apoptosis and cell-death, cellular structure and cell-to-cell contacts, adhesion, migration as well as inflammation; HBO upregulates processes involved in repair while mechanisms perpetuating tissue damage are downregulated. Many experimental and clinical studies, respectively, cover wound healing, regeneration of neural tissue, of bone and cartilage, muscle, and cardiac tissue as well as intestinal barrier function. Following acute injury or in chronic healing problems HBO modulates proteins or molecules involved in inflammation, apoptosis, cell growth, neuro- and angiogenesis, scaffolding, perfusion, vascularization, and stem-cell mobilization, initiating repair by a variety of mechanisms, some of them based on the modulation of micro-RNAs. HBO affects the oxidative stress response via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) or c-Jun N-terminal peptide and downregulates inflammation by the modulation of high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB-1), toll-like receptor 4 and 2 (TLR-4, TLR-2), nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) and nitric oxide (NO•). HBO enhances stem-cell homeostasis via Wnt glycoproteins and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and improves cell repair, growth, and differentiation via the two latter but also by modulation of extracellular-signal regulated kinases (ERK) and the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. The HBO-induced downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and 9 (MMP-2/-9), rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) and integrins improve healing by tissue remodeling. Interestingly, the action of HBO on single effector proteins or molecules may involve both up- or downregulation, respectively, depending on their initial level. This probably mirrors a generally stabilizing potential of HBO that tends to restore the physiological balance rather than enhancing or counteracting single mechanisms.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy to Minimize Orthodontic Relapse in Rabbits

“…Numerous studies on the effect of HBOT on HIF-1 expression have been published, but the results were varied. Studies by Zhang et al, 30 Sunkari et al, 31 Růžička et al, 32 and Lindenmann et al 33 concluded that HBOT could increase HIF-1α expression. Meanwhile, Sun et al, 34 Zhang et al, 35 Chen et al, 36 and Sari et al 37 mentioned that HBOT suppressed the expression of HIF-1α.…”

Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Intervention on the Degenerated Intervertebral Disc: From Molecular Mechanisms to Animal Models

“…MicroRNAs are highly specific regulators of genes at the post-transcriptional level. They effectuate a sort of “fine-tuning” of gene expression by reducing the latter or by silencing genes, either inhibiting translation or causing the degradation of RNA [ 45 , 46 ]. In the present study, we investigated the effect of HBO on miR-107, which was found downregulated in the degenerative IVD cells ( Figure 1 ).…”

A túlnyomásos oxigénkezelés és helye az ambuláns ellátásban

“…A túlnyomásos oxigénkezelés klasszikus, legrégebbi felhasználási módja a nem gyógyuló sebek terápiája. Ezen elváltozások közös jellemzője a kóros hypoxia és a krónikus gyulladásos szöveti környezetben gátolt angiogenezis, ezért a módszer hatékonyságát számos esetben írták már le [9,10].…”