Hymenolepis diminuta Reduce Lactic Acid Bacterial Load and Induce Dysbiosis in the Early Infection of the Probiotic Colonization of Swiss Albino Rat

Abstract

Tapeworm infection continues to be an important cause of morbidity worldwide. Recent metagenomics studies have established a link between gut microbiota and parasite infection. The identification of gut probiotics is of foremost importance to explore its relationship and function with the parasite in the host. In this study, the gut content of hosts infected with tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta and non-infected host gut were disected out to determine their Lactic acid bacterial (LAB) population in MRS agar and microbial community was analysed by metagenomics. The bacterial count was calculated on a bacterial counting chamber and their morphology was determined microscopically and biochemically. Further, to determine the safety profile antibiotic resistance test, antimicrobial, hemolytic activity, and adhesion capability were calculated. We found six dominant probiotic strains and a decrease in LAB load from 1.7–2.3 × 107 CFU/mL in the uninfected group to a range of 8.4 × 105 CFU/mL to 3.2 × 105 CFU/mL in the infected groups with respect to an increase in the parasite number from 10–18. In addition, we found a depletion in the probiotic relative abundance of Lactobacillus and an enrichment in potentially pathogenic Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Streptococcus. Phylogenetic analysis of the six probiotics revealed a close similarity with different strains of L. brevis, L. johnsonii, L. taiwansis, L. reuteri, L. plantarum, and L. pentosus. Thus, this study suggests that the parasite inhibits probiotic colonization in the gut during its early establishment of infection inside the host.

In vitro anthelmintic efficacy of Ferulic and Sinapic acid against zoonotic cestode Hymenolepis diminuta (Rudolphi, 1819)

“…Generalized tonic-clonic seizures and retardation during development have also been observed in some children (Kołodziej et al 2014; Mane and Sangwan 2016; Sharifdini et al 2019;Galoș et al 2022). H. diminuta was also recently reported from our laboratory to inhibit probiotic colonization in its host gut (Mandal et al 2022). Normal functioning of the digestive tract may also be affected by metabolites secreted by the parasite that results in increasing salivation, decreasing the stomach's secretory capacity and enhancing the activity of trypsin in the duodenum (Fal and Czaplicka 1991).…”

Frequência De Enteroparasitos Em Cães E Gatos Domiciliados Da Cidade De Umuarama, Paraná, Brasil

“…As tênias do gênero Hymenolepis são agentes causadores da himenolepíase, considerada importante em saúde pública por se tratar de uma zoonose negligenciada transmitida por roedores (Mandal et al, 2022). Isso posto, é de extrema importância a realização de um diagnóstico rápido e preciso destas enfermidades, e para tal são utilizadas as técnicas coproparasitológicas, as quais são de fácil execução e podem ser realizadas a um baixo custo, facilitando o diagnóstico das endoparasitoses nos animais.…”