Hymenolepis citelli (cestoda) and Nematospiroides dubius (Nematoda): Interspecific interaction in mice

Alghali, Sidi T.O.; Hagan, Paul; Robinson, Michael B.

doi:10.1016/0014-4894(85)90043-8

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We undertook an extensive cross-sectional monitoring of populations and an intensive experimental manipulation of individuals of free-living yellow-necked mice and examined the hypothesis that the increase in the abundance of H. polygyrus would increase the infestation of the co-infecting I. ricinus . We selected H. polygyrus because experiments with the laboratory model H. bakeri have identified suppression of immune-mediated mechanisms by the parasite adult stages, which should result in a positive effect on other co-infecting parasites (Colwell and Wescott, 1973; Courtney and Forrester, 1973; Jenkins, 1975; Bruna and Xenia, 1976; Jenkins and Behnke, 1977; Behnke et al 1978; Behnke and Ali, 1984; Alghali et al 1985; Monroy and Enriquez, 1992; Behnke et al 1993; Telford et al 1998; Maizels et al 2004). We made the assumption that H. polygyrus would behave similarly to H. bakeri .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous laboratory studies have shown that the immature infective stage of the closely related species Heligmosomoides bakeri elicited protective immunity, but adult parasites down-modulated the humoral immune response and may establish chronic infections (Monroy and Enriquez, 1992; Behnke et al 1993, Telford et al 1998; Maizels et al 2004, Cable et al 2006). This immuno-suppressive action permitted greater parasite survival and reproduction but also facilitated the infection by other parasite species (Colwell and Wescott, 1973; Courtney and Forrester, 1973; Jenkins, 1975; Bruna and Xenia, 1976; Jenkins and Behnke, 1977; Behnke et al 1978; Behnke and Ali, 1984; Alghali et al 1985). For example, when laboratory mice were concurrently infected with H. bakeri and Trichinella spiralis there was a reduction in the acute response against the second nematode (Behnke et al 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heligmosomoides polygyrusreduces infestation ofIxodes ricinusin free-living yellow-necked mice,Apodemus flavicollis

et al. 2009

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S U M M A R YFree-living animals are usually inhabited by a community of parasitic species that can interact with each other and alter both host susceptibility and parasite transmission. In this study we tested the prediction that an increase in the gastrointestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus would increase the infestation of the tick Ixodes ricinus, in free-living yellownecked mice, Apodemus flavicollis. An extensive cross-sectional trapping survey identified a negative relationship between H. polygyrus and I. ricinus counter to the prediction. An experimental reduction of the nematode infection through anthelmintic treatment resulted in an increase in tick infestation, suggesting that this negative association was one of cause and effect. Host characteristics (breeding condition and age) and habitat variables also contributed to affect tick infestation. While these results were counter to the prediction, they still support the hypothesis that interactions between parasite species can shape parasite community dynamics in natural systems. Laboratory models may act differently from natural populations and the mechanism generating the negative association is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heligmosomoides polygyrusreduces infestation ofIxodes ricinusin free-living yellow-necked mice,Apodemus flavicollis

et al. 2009

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“…Laboratory-based studies suggest that existing worm burdens can adversely or favourably influence the survival and establishment of newly acquired helminths of the same or different species (Krupp, 1961;Jenkins & Behnke, 1977 ;Keymer, 1982). These intra-and inter-species interactions could result from competition for nutrients or optimal spatial locations, the secretion of non-specific immunosuppressive or growth regulatory factors, or inducement of cross-protective immune and inflammatory responses (Holmes, 1959;Dineen, Gregg, Windon, Donald & Kelly, 1977;Pritchard, Ali & Behnke, 1984;Algali, Hagan & Robinson, 1985). Non-specific immunomodulatory mediators detected in Nematospiroides dubius infections in mice have been well described, and some evidence suggests that Ascaris may suppress immune responses to unrelated antigens (Crandall, Crandall & Jones, 1978;WHO, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for predisposition in humans to infection with Ascaris, hookworm, Enterobius and Trichuris in a South Indian fishing community

1987

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Studies of patterns of reinfection with four species of intestinal nematodes (Ascaris, hookworm, Trichuris and Enterobius) in 174 individual patients following chemotherapeutic treatment revealed statistical evidence for predisposition to heavy or light infection (relative to the average level in the overall population). Analyses of associations between the abundances of the four species of nematodes within a combined sample of 525 worm burdens showed significant correlations between 5 out of the 6 possible pair-wise comparisons between species. The relevance of these results to the design of control programmes based on chemotherapeutic application is discussed.

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“…The immunosuppressive eect induced by a helminth species may be non-speci®c, i.e. it impairs the host's ability to resist both homologous (species responsible for the eect) and heterologous (other species) infections, including totally unrelated helminths (Alghali et al 1985). Thus, even a single key species might be able to create an overall positive structure, if several other species are aected by its immunosuppressive capacity.…”

Section: Positive Overall Associations In Shrew Helminthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing interspecific associations in parasites: alternative methods and effects of sampling heterogeneity

Haukisalmi¹,

Henttonen

1998

Oecologia

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The purpose of the present study was (1) to test the ability of six alternative methods to detect random and non-random patterns of overall association in artificial presence/absence data sets, and (2) to analyse overall associations and effects of sampling heterogeneity in four empirical presence/absence data sets of helminths of the common shrew Sorex araneus. In the null model, the expected distribution was created by means of a randomisation procedure. Application of methods on artificial data sets indicated a generally low probability of type I statistical error. All methods were more likely to detect positive non-randomness than negative non-randomness of comparable strength, which may partly explain the predominance of positive overall associations in empirical data sets. The analyses based on artificial data sets indicated slight differences between methods in their ability to detect non-randomness of known strength (type II error). However, some of the methods failed to detect strong overall association when the artificial assemblages consisted of roughly equal numbers of positive and negative pairwise interactions. The structure of the artificial data sets always disappeared when the expected distribution was constrained to account for "sampling heterogeneity", i.e. varying prevalence of species among subsamples. The patterns of overall association in real helminth communities were variable, depending on the locality and association method used, but not usually on the simulation constraint used. Of the four empirical data sets analysed, one showed an unequivocal positive structure, in one the structure depended on the method used, and two data sets from the same locality were unequivocally unstructured (random). We discuss the applicability of various association measures, and the possible causes of positive overall associations in parasites.

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Hymenolepis citelli (cestoda) and Nematospiroides dubius (Nematoda): Interspecific interaction in mice

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Heligmosomoides polygyrusreduces infestation ofIxodes ricinusin free-living yellow-necked mice,Apodemus flavicollis

Heligmosomoides polygyrusreduces infestation ofIxodes ricinusin free-living yellow-necked mice,Apodemus flavicollis

Evidence for predisposition in humans to infection with Ascaris, hookworm, Enterobius and Trichuris in a South Indian fishing community

Analysing interspecific associations in parasites: alternative methods and effects of sampling heterogeneity

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