Hygroscopic properties of Amazonian biomass burning and European background HULIS and investigation of their effects on surface tension with two models linking H-TDMA to CCNC data

Fors, Erik; Rissler, Jenny; Maßling, Andreas; Svenningsson, Birgitta; Andreae, Meinrat O.; Dusek, U.; Frank, Göran; Hoffer, András; Bilde, Merete; Kiss, Gyula; Janitsek, Szilvia; Henning, S.; Facchini, M. C.; Decesari, Stefano; Swietlicki, Erik

doi:10.5194/acp-10-5625-2010

Cited by 46 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Iinuma et al (2007) show that the pyrogenic particles studied during the EFEU experiment contained a significant amount of macromolecules. While the nature of these macromolecules is not entirely certain, it has been shown previously (e.g., Facchini et al, 2000;Dinar et al, 2006;Fors et al, 2010), that macromolecular substances such as humic like substances (HULIS) can have a strong effect on droplet surface tension. It is known in principle that SA substances cause an apparent increase in κ CCN with decreasing particle size, since an equal fraction of surfactant is more concentrated in solution droplets forming on small particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water uptake by biomass burning aerosol at sub- and supersaturated conditions: closure studies and implications for the role of organics

et al. 2011

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Abstract. We investigate the CCN activity of freshly emitted biomass burning particles and their hygroscopic growth at a relative humidity (RH) of 85 %. The particles were produced in the Mainz combustion laboratory by controlled burning of various wood types. The water uptake at sub-and supersaturations is parameterized by the hygroscopicity parameter, κ (c.f. Petters and Kreidenweis, 2007). For the wood burns, κ is low, generally around 0.06. The main emphasis of this study is a comparison of κ derived from measurements at sub-and supersaturated conditions (κ G and κ CCN ), in order to see whether the water uptake at 85 % RH can predict the CCN properties of the biomass burning particles. Differences in κ G and κ CCN can arise through solution nonidealities, the presence of slightly soluble or surface active compounds, or non-spherical particle shape. We find that κ G and κ CCN agree within experimental uncertainties (of around 30 %) for particle sizes of 100 and 150 nm; only for 50 nm particles is κ CCN larger than κ G by a factor of 2. The magnitude of this difference and its dependence on particle size is consistent with the presence of surface active organic compounds. These compounds mainly facilitate the CCN activation of small particles, which form the most concentratedCorrespondence to: U. Dusek (u.dusek@uu.nl) solution droplets at the point of activation. The 50 nm particles, however, are only activated at supersaturations higher than 1 % and are therefore of minor importance as CCN in ambient clouds. By comparison with the actual chemical composition of the biomass burning particles, we estimate that the hygroscopicity of the water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) fraction can be represented by a κ WSOC value of approximately 0.2. The effective hygroscopicity of a typical wood burning particle can therefore be represented by a linear mixture of an inorganic component with κ ∼ = 0.6, a WSOC component with κ ∼ = 0.2, and an insoluble component with κ = 0.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water uptake by biomass burning aerosol at sub- and supersaturated conditions: closure studies and implications for the role of organics

et al. 2011

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“…Gf model 3 has also been used in several studies for estimating the droplet solution surface tension at activation from the combination of measured growth and critical supersaturations [ Wex et al , 2008; Fors et al , 2009]. The surface tension was assumed to be described by the Szyszkowski‐Langmuir equation [ Szyszkowski , 1908]: where σ w is the surface tension of water, C is the number of moles of solute per mass of water, and a and b are parameters that are iteratively adjusted to minimize the least square of the predicted and measured s c data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation and comparison of cloud condensation nucleus activity models: Predicting particle critical saturation from growth at subsaturation

et al. 2010

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[1] The ability of particles to activate and form cloud droplets influences the functioning of the Earth's hydrological cycle. This work links the particle water uptake at subsaturation to the critical supersaturation ratio needed for particles to become cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Five models using the particle hygroscopic growth at subsaturation for predicting the critical supersaturation needed for droplet activation were applied to a laboratory data set of inorganic and organic compounds and mixtures of them. The data set consisted of hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer measurements and CCN counter measurements. No chemical composition information was used when applying the models. All models tested were based on modifications of Köhler theory and gave similar results. The agreement between predicted and measured critical supersaturations was good, considering the relatively simple models used. A trend of overestimating the critical supersaturations was observed, typically by ∼15%. The best performing model gave on average only a 4% offset from experimental values; the model with the largest deviation was offset by 20%. A comparison was made between the number of soluble entities (ions or nondissociating molecules) estimated from the particle hygroscopic growth at 90% relative humidity (RH) and the number estimated from the particle critical supersaturation; a ∼35% increase was observed in the effective number of entities in solution when going from 90% RH to activation. For many types of aerosols, differences in the model approaches tested do not induce large differences in the predicted critical supersaturation. However, it is most important to follow the recommendations published with the respective models and not use them indiscriminately.Citation: Rissler, J., B. Svenningsson, E. O. Fors, M. Bilde, and E. Swietlicki (2010), An evaluation and comparison of cloud condensation nucleus activity models: Predicting particle critical saturation from growth at subsaturation,

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“…Aerosols strongly influenced by BB have been shown to act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) [e.g., Hallett et al , 1989; Vestin et al , 2007; Fors et al , 2010] due to the water solubility of some organic compounds. Therefore, the BC particles (thickly coated) in the Canadian and Asian plumes will act as CCN.…”

Section: Aerosols In Plumes Transported From Asia (Siberia and Kazakhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions of black carbon, organic, and inorganic aerosols from biomass burning in North America and Asia in 2008

et al. 2011

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[1] Reliable assessment of the impact of aerosols emitted from boreal forest fires on the Arctic climate necessitates improved understanding of emissions and the microphysical properties of carbonaceous (black carbon (BC) and organic aerosols (OA)) and inorganic aerosols. The size distributions of BC were measured by an SP2 based on the laser-induced incandescence technique on board the DC-8 aircraft during the NASA ARCTAS campaign. Aircraft sampling was made in fresh plumes strongly impacted by wildfires in North America (Canada and California) in summer 2008 and in those transported from Asia (Siberia in Russia and Kazakhstan) in spring 2008. We extracted biomass burning plumes using particle and tracer (CO, CH 3 CN, and CH 2 Cl 2 ) data. OA constituted the dominant fraction of aerosols mass in the submicron range. The large majority of the emitted particles did not contain BC. We related the combustion phase of the fire as represented by the modified combustion efficiency (MCE) to the emission ratios between BC and other species. In particular, we derived the average emission ratios of BC/CO = 2.3 ± 2.2 and 8.5 ± 5.4 ng m −3 /ppbv for BB in North America and Asia, respectively. The difference in the BC/CO emission ratios is likely due to the difference in MCE. The count median diameters and geometric standard deviations of the lognormal size distribution of BC in the BB plumes were 136-141 nm and 1.32-1.36, respectively, and depended little on MCE. These BC particles were thickly coated, with shell/core ratios of 1.3-1.6. These parameters can be used directly for improving model estimates of the impact of BB in the Arctic.

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Hygroscopic properties of Amazonian biomass burning and European background HULIS and investigation of their effects on surface tension with two models linking H-TDMA to CCNC data

Cited by 46 publications

References 48 publications

Water uptake by biomass burning aerosol at sub- and supersaturated conditions: closure studies and implications for the role of organics

Water uptake by biomass burning aerosol at sub- and supersaturated conditions: closure studies and implications for the role of organics

An evaluation and comparison of cloud condensation nucleus activity models: Predicting particle critical saturation from growth at subsaturation

Emissions of black carbon, organic, and inorganic aerosols from biomass burning in North America and Asia in 2008

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