“…The terrestrial walking speed of signal crayfish is unknown, but adult male red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii Girard, 1852), another invasive North American species, walk on average 58 m h -1 (Ramalho & Anastácio, 2014). At this rate, we estimate X. victoriensis could survive terrestrial migration up to 43.5 m, although this does not take into account variable environmental conditions (Marques et al, 2014;Ramalho & Anastácio, 2014;Yoder et al, 2016). It is also possible that branchiobdellidans could tolerate longer periods of desiccation in vivo by retreating into host crevices or gill chambers, but for X. victoriensis this is unlikely given that this species is a chelae specialist (Gelder & Hall, 1990;James et al, 2015b).…”