Hygric behavior of hydrophobized brick and mortar samples

Soulios, Vasilis; Hansen, Ernst Jan de Place; Feng, Chi; Janssen, Hans

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.106843

Cited by 21 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As pointed out in the introduction, the long-term effectiveness of the hydrophobisation could vary between products and time is a limitation in the present study, as we will not be able to assess the service life of the selected treatment and how the RH levels in the test walls develop near the end of the service life. Soulios et al (2020) found that the active ingredient could spread deeper into the brick and mortar samples over time, and could therefore affect the capillary water uptake far into the masonry wall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The long-term protection of the treatment could vary considerably between products e.g. due to the amount of active ingredient used (Soulios et al, 2020), and new surface defects may also occur. In addition, certain countries may have restrictions against the use of exterior hydrophobisation on historic buildings due to the changes in colour, or due to the treatment being irreversible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hygrothermal performance of six insulation systems for internal retrofitting solid masonry walls

Jensen

Bjarløv

Rode

et al. 2021

Journal of Building Physics

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The study investigated the hygrothermal performance and risk of fungal growth in a phenolic foam system with a closed cell structure and a diffusion-open and capillary active lime-cork based insulating plaster, for internal retrofitting purposes. The setup comprised two 40-feet (12.2 m) insulated reefer container with controlled indoor climate, reconfigured with 24 holes (1 × 2 m each) containing solid masonry walls with embedded wooden elements on the interior side. Focus was on the conditions in the masonry/insulation interface and embedded wooden elements, and the performance of the two systems were compared to three diffusion-open insulation systems and one diffusion-tight. The effect of exterior hydrophobisation was also investigated. Relative humidity and temperature were measured in several locations in the test walls over 2½ years, and the risk of fungal growth was evaluated by on-site measurements and the VTT mould-growth model. The findings indicate that internally insulated walls with bare brick exterior surfaces performed poorly with high risk of fungal growth. The effect of exterior hydrophobisation was found to vary with the orientation and the installed insulation system, with a generally positive effect on walls facing south-west but limited effect for north-east. Furthermore, the more diffusion-tight insulation systems were found to perform better in combination with exterior hydrophobisation than the highly diffusion-open systems. The lime-cork insulating plaster showed high relative humidity and risk of moisture-induced problems. The on-site fungal tests showed no growth in the masonry/insulation interface inside the two insulation systems, probably due to high initial pH-value.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hygrothermal performance of six insulation systems for internal retrofitting solid masonry walls

Jensen

Bjarløv

Rode

et al. 2021

Journal of Building Physics

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“…More recently nanotechnology-based agents have also been developed [21,22]. Of all the commercially available agents, the silicon-bearing products are the most popular, enjoying a more than 80% share of the market [23]. They all contain a silicon-oxygen backbone but are often grouped into silanes, siloxanes and silicon resins, differing in their specific molecular structures [24].…”

Section: Hydrophobization In Briefmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Undoubtedly, different concentrations are needed for various agents to achieve effectiveness [12]. However, it is also true that different materials require different concentrations of the same agent [23,25,26], as their varied open porosities and pore size distributions lead to distinct pore surface areas. Unfortunately, current recommendations from the producers fail to differentiate the necessity of different materials, and a single over-estimated concentration of one agent is often recommended for all materials.…”

Section: Hydrophobization In Briefmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of water repellent agent concentration on the effect of hydrophobization on building materials

Feng

Janssen

2021

Journal of Building Engineering

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“…The risks related to applying internal insulation, as its changes the hygrothermal conditions in the existing wall and adjoining building parts, might be reduced by adding a water repellent agent at the outer surface of the wall as it reduces heavily the capillary water uptake and still enables vapour diffusion [1]. The guidelines does not go into detail with the potential of combining internal insulation and water repellent agents, as the foundation for including such recommendation is still too limited.…”

Section: Selection Of Internal Insulation Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for internal Insulation of historic Buildings

Hansen

Møller

Ørsager³

2020

E3S Web Conf.

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Internal insulation is often the only possible solution when improving the thermal performance of solid walls of historic buildings, as many of these have architectural or cultural values. However, as internal insulation is regarded risky from a moisture perspective, guidelines are needed. The paper presents a new set of guidelines that combine written guidelines, a web-based preliminary assessment tool and a website that can be used independently of each other. The website provides simple ways of assessing the building to determine whether internal insulation is feasible in the specific case and what needs to be done before it can be applied. It also describes different failure mechanisms. The website includes links to information (written guidelines), described for different types of users, depending on their level of expertise. The web tool is based on an extensive number of simulations of hygrothermal conditions within a solid wall depending on location, orientation, wall type and thickness, and insulation type and thickness. The web tool determines the risk for mould and algae growth in a probabilistic way and determines heat loss and CO2 emission before and after renovation through 1 m² of the wall. The guidelines, the website and the web tool are developed in RIBuild, a research project funded by the European Commission, running from 2015 to 2020.

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Hygric behavior of hydrophobized brick and mortar samples

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Hygrothermal performance of six insulation systems for internal retrofitting solid masonry walls

Hygrothermal performance of six insulation systems for internal retrofitting solid masonry walls

Impact of water repellent agent concentration on the effect of hydrophobization on building materials

Guidelines for internal Insulation of historic Buildings

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