Hygienic Aspects of Cattle Slurry Storage as the Most Popular and Cheapest Method of Handling Liquid Animal Excrements / Higieniczne aspekty składowania gnojowicy bydlęcej jako najpopularniejszej i najtańszej metody postępowania z płynnymi odchodami zwierzęcymi

Abstract

Hygienic aspects of cattle slurry storage as tHe most popular and cHeapest metHod of Handling liquid animal excrements* * K r z y s z t o f S k o w r o n 1, 2♦ , H a l i n a O l s z e w s k a 2 , K a r o l i n a J a d w i g a S k o w r o n 3 , P i o t r P a l u s z a k 3 , B a r b a r a B r e z a -B o r u t a abstract slurry is a very valuable natural fertilizer, but its improper use in agriculture poses a serious sanitary threat. therefore its treatment before use for fertilization is advisable. one of such methods, which is still the most popular, is storage of liquid excrements. the aim of this study was to estimate the sanitization effectiveness of storage at 4ºc and 20ºc based on parameters describing the kinetics of changes in the population of some indicator bacteria in cattle slurry with different dry matter content. the material for the study was fresh cattle slurry. the liquid excrements used in the experiment had a dry matter content of 2, 6 and 14%. slurry was stored at 4ºc and 20ºc. Bacilli of Salmonella dublin, E. coli and enterococci were used as indicator bacteria. number of microorganisms was determined based on mpn method in a 3-tube design. Basic parameters of the bacteria inactivation kinetics were calculated and statistical analysis was made using the program sas 9.2 pl. in stored slurry a gradual elimination of all the studied microorganisms was observed. Hygienization effect of storage was smaller at 4ºc than at 20ºc and in excrements with a high dry matter content. depending on storage temperature and dry matter proportion, the theoretical times of survival ranged from 81.85 to 220.80 days for bacilli of Salmonella dublin, from 74.93 to 199.36 days for E. coli, and from 118.67 to 335.84 days for enterococci. the study showed explicitly that statutory time of slurry storage is insufficient to ensure its complete hygienization.

Reduction of Methane Emission during Slurry Storage by the Addition of Effective Microorganisms and Excessive Carbon Source from Brewing Sugar

“…Cumulative emissions for all treatments are shown in Table 2. Overall in our study, cumulative CH 4 emissions were >7.2 times greater in the untreated slurry at 30°C compared with slurry held at 10°C as a result of the enhanced microbial activity and biodegradation rates (Skowron et al, 2013). This result is consistent with Petersen et al (2013), who showed a 30 to 46% reduction in CH 4 emissions at 10°C compared with 30°C, whereas Pereira et al (2012) showed reduction up to 69% from slurry stored at 5°C compared with 25°C.…”

“…Slurry temperature remained fairly constant in both environments for the duration of the 30-d experiment. Petersen and Sommer (2011) also reported the close relationship between ambient temperature and slurry temperature, indicating the absence of a thermophilic decomposition stage ( Jensen and Sommer, 2013;Skowron et al, 2013). The addition of glucose increased the total C and DM content in the Sugar + EM and Sugar treatments, which remained high until the end of the experiment ( Supplemental Table S1 and data not shown).…”

Animal Slurry Sanitization through pH Adjustment: Process Optimization and Impact on Slurry Characteristics

“…Minimum storage time for the safe management of raw slurry in agriculture may differ between regions with different climate types. Generally, a 4-month storage period is enough, but in regions with cold climates (e.g., Nordic countries), it may be necessary to prolong the storage period for up to one year [10,42].…”

“…In consequence, AS sanitization is mandatory for this purpose. Storage is the traditional, simplest and cheapest method of AS sanitization before agricultural valorization, since the multiplication of most pathogenic bacteria and parasites is impaired, leading to their attenuation [9,10]. However, the total sanitization of slurry by storage might not be achieved, since in most animal farms, the slurry pit is continuously receiving fresh slurry [10], leading to large variations in effective storage time.…”

“…Storage is the traditional, simplest and cheapest method of AS sanitization before agricultural valorization, since the multiplication of most pathogenic bacteria and parasites is impaired, leading to their attenuation [9,10]. However, the total sanitization of slurry by storage might not be achieved, since in most animal farms, the slurry pit is continuously receiving fresh slurry [10], leading to large variations in effective storage time. Several treatments to obtain a sanitized slurry are available, for instance: Pasteurization, electro-technology, microwaves, pressurization, ultrasounds, and anaerobic digestion [11].…”