Hydroxytyrosol: Health Benefits and Use as Functional Ingredient in Meat

Abstract

Hydroxytyrosol (HXT) is a phenolic compound drawn from the olive tree and its leaves as a by-product obtained from the manufacturing of olive oil. It is considered the most powerful antioxidant compound after gallic acid and one of the most powerful antioxidant compounds between phenolic compounds from olive tree followed by oleuropein, caffeic and tyrosol. Due to its molecular structure, its regular consumption has several beneficial effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and as a protector of skin and eyes, etc. For these reasons, the use of HXT extract is a good strategy for use in meat products to replace synthetics additives. However, this extract has a strong odour and flavour, so it is necessary to previously treat this compound in order to not alter the organoleptic quality of the meat product when is added as ingredient. The present review exposes the health benefits provided by HXT consumption and the latest research about its use on meat. In addition, new trends about the application of HXT in the list of ingredients of healthier meat products will be discussed.

Olive tree physiology and chemical composition of fruits are modulated by different deficit irrigation strategies

“…Hydroxytyrosol is considered the most powerful antioxidant compound after gallic acid and one of the most powerful antioxidant compounds among the phenolic compounds from olive tree products. Its regular consumption thus has several beneficial effects such as antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer effects, and protection of the skin and eyes . Interestingly, at the final harvest, hydroxytyrosol was only detected in the SDI treatment.…”

“…Its regular consumption thus has several beneficial effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer effects, and protection of the skin and eyes. 70 Interestingly, at the final harvest, hydroxytyrosol was only detected in the SDI treatment. Derived from hydrolysis of the polyphenol oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol has been shown to increase as fruit ripening occurs.…”

Hydroxytyrosol stimulates neurogenesis in aged dentate gyrus by enhancing stem and progenitor cell proliferation and neuron survival

“…Indeed, activation of stem cells by a neurogenic stimulus (ie, running) occurs also in another model of aged mice, lacking the cell cycle inhibitor p16Ink4a; this indicates that dentate gyrus stem cells are endowed with a reserve of proliferative potential during aging and also that their activation by neurogenic stimuli is controlled by a network of inhibitory genes. 42 To conclude, it is worth noting that the human equivalent dose of 100 mg/kg/day HTyr (8.1 mg/Kg/day) 43 is above the consumption of HTyr within the Mediterranean diet, 79 but is well compatible with the use of dietary supplements. Our data represent a proof of principle about the neurogenic effect of HTyr and it will be interesting to test lower doses of the compound and HTyr derivatives.…”

LC-ESI-QTOF/MS Profiling of Australian Mango Peel By-Product Polyphenols and Their Potential Antioxidant Activities

“…The characterization and quantification of polyphenolic compounds showed that some of the polyphenols presented in two mango peel samples have strong antioxidant potential. Hydroxycinnamic acids derivatives, hydroxybenzoic acids and their derivatives, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, matairesinol, hydroxytyrosol, quercetin, and kaempferol derivatives are regarded as potential compounds showing considerable free radical scavenging capacity [36][37][38]. The presence of these antioxidant compounds indicates that mango peel by-products can be good sources of polyphenols and antioxidant potential.…”