Hydroxysafflor yellow A exerts beneficial effects by restoring hormone secretion and alleviating oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome mice

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease resulting in female infertility. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) and ginsenoside Rb1 have been shown to have antioxidant properties, but little is known about their impact in PCOS. Here dehydroepiandrosterone was used to induce PCOS in a mouse model that was characterized by an irregular oestrous cycle, cystic follicles and an elevated serum testosterone level. Supplementation of HSYA restored the oestrous cycle of PCOS mice, reduced follicular cysts in PCOS mouse ovaries and brought about a decline in serum testosterone level, while ginsenoside Rb1 did not ameliorate the above symptoms of PCOS mice. After HSYA treatment, there was elevation of serum oestradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone and anti-Müllerian hormone levels and a reduction of follicle-stimulating hormone level, but ginsenoside Rb1 only rescued the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and anti-Müllerian hormone. Further analysis evidenced that HSYA reversed the expression of steroid hormone secretion-related genes Star, Hsd3b1, Cyp11a1 and Cyp19a1. In PCOS mice HSYA weakened the elevation of ovarian malondialdehyde, which is regarded as a biomarker for oxidative stress. Moreover, HSYA improved reduced glutathione content accompanied by a simultaneous increase in reduced to oxidized glutathione ratio, and enhanced the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase. Collectively, HSYA exerted beneficial effects on PCOS mice by restoring hormone secretion and alleviating oxidative stress.

Bioactive Substances in Safflower Flowers and Their Applicability in Medicine and Health-Promoting Foods

“…Hydroxysafflor yellow A has an antioxidant effect, enabling cells to survive oxidative stress [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. Antioxidant activity is also demonstrated by hydroxysafflor yellow B [51], 2 International Journal of Food Science 6…”

“…HSYA injection led to reduction of cysts on mouse ovaries with polycystic ovary syndrome, and at the same time, it regulated the hormonal balance and restored normal ovulation cycle by reducing the levels of testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the blood and increasing the level of progesterone, estradiol, and luteinizing hormone [ 46 ]. Anti-Müllerian hormone level, an indicator of the ovulation process, also increased.…”

Hydroxysafflor Yellow A: A Systematical Review on Botanical Resources, Physicochemical Properties, Drug Delivery System, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacological Effects

“…Yang et al (2009) suggested that the therapeutic effect of the single-dose HSYA indicated proportional to the dose ranging from 35 to 140 mg/kg, which conformed to first-order kinetics in and increase in TNF-a, IFN-g, IL-2, and IL-3 50, 75, 112.5 mg/kg once daily from days 2-22 (i.v.) NA Zheng et al, 2019 In HSYA and ginsenoside Rb1 Luo et al (2020) healthy Chinese female volunteer. The t 1/2 corresponded to the median of the range from 2.23 to 4.63 h (the average value of 3.17 h) at each dose.…”

<p>Peripheral Blood Inflammatory-Immune Cells as a Predictor of Infertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome</p>

“…4,5 In recent years, a plethora of studies have assessed its management, ranging from the psychosocial aspects of the conditions to the treatment of anovulatory infertility and reproductive consequences. 6,7 Besides, recent studies have shown that IR and hyperandrogenemia have potential effects on the pathogenesis of PCOS. 8,9 However, the mechanism of ovulatory dysfunction and pathogenesis in PCOS remain elusive, thus limiting the development of therapeutics.…”