Hydroxysafflor yellow A attenuates allergic response of ovalbumin induced allergic rhinitis via Nrf2/HO‐1 and inflammatory signaling pathways

Abstract

Allergic reaction is the most common nasal conditions worldwide and it will remain throughout life. The symptoms of an allergic reaction include sneezing, itching, hives, swelling, difficulty breathing, and a runny nose. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HYA) is a flavonoid compound which is the active phyto‐constituent of flower of Carthamus tinctorius L., and exhibited the various medicinal activities like antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and cardiovascular protective effects. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and mode of action of HYA against the allergic rhinitis induced by ovalbumin in mice. HYA was given orally to the Swiss BALB/s mice once daily, 1 h before, they were challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) via intranasal administration, after that the mice were sensitized via intraperitoneal injection of OVA. Allergic nasal symptoms, body weight, spleen weight, OVA‐specific immunoglobulins, inflammatory cytokines, Th17 cytokines and Th17 transcription factors also estimated. HYA had a significant (p < .001) effect on body weight and reduced spleen weight. It effectively decreased the nasal symptoms of allergy such as sneezing, rubbing, and redness. HYA significantly reduced the level of malonaldehyde (MDA) and improved levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH). It also remarkably decreased the levels of Th2 cytokines and Th17 transcription factors like RAR‐related orphan receptor gamma (ROR‐γ), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and phosphor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p‐STAT3), while increasing levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1). The treatment with HYA improved the lung histology in mice with allergic rhinitis. The results suggest that HYA may have therapeutic potential against ovalbumin‐induced allergic rhinitis in mice, by altering the Th17/Treg balance and improving the Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway.

Resveratrol alleviates fumonisin‐induced intestinal cytotoxicity by modulating apoptosis, tight junction, and inflammation in IPEC‐J2 porcine intestinal epithelial cells

“…A total of 10 000 cells was added to each well of a 96-well plate, and after 24 h the culture medium was replaced with 0.1 mL of medium containing different doses of FB1 (2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 μM) and/or resveratrol (5,10,15, and 20 μM) for 24 or 48 h. In the FB1 and resveratrol combination group, the cells were treated with 20 μM FB1 for 48 h with the 24 h resveratrol (15 μM) pretreatment. In the cofumonisins and resveratrol combination group, the cells were treated with 25 μM FB1 + 15 μM FB2 + 10 μM FB3 for 48 h with the 24 h resveratrol (15 μM) pretreatment.…”

“…Based on the mechanism of toxicity, the application of functional natural products to mitigate the toxicity of contaminants is considered to be a safe and effective way. [12][13][14][15] Xia et al found that melatonin alleviated ochratoxin A-induced liver inflammation, involving intestinal microbiota homeostasis and in a microbiota-independent manner. 16 The flavonoid luteolin is determined to attenuate BDE-209-induced intestinal epithelial barrier damage in a monolayer mannequin of Caco-2 cells.…”