Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose significantly lowers blood cholesterol in mildly hypercholesterolemic human subjects

Reppas, Christos; Swidan, Sahar; Tobey, Stephen W.; Turowski, Maciej; Dressman, Jennifer B.

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602903

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Although several previous trials have demonstrated the cholesterol-lowering efficacy of HPMC alone (Dressman et al, 1993;Maki et al, 1999Maki et al, , 2000Reppas et al, 2009), this study is the first to examine HPMC as an adjunct to statin therapy. On the basis of results from a meta-analysis of studies that provided 2-10 g per day of viscous fiber (Brown et al, 1999), mean reductions in LDL-C of 0.037-0.067 mmol/l have been observed per gram viscous fiber from oat products, psyllium, pectin and guar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When ingested, HPMC forms a viscous solution in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby acting as a physical barrier to the degradation of gastrointestinal contents, delaying the absorption of cholesterol, bile acids and glucose (Reppas et al, 1991(Reppas et al, , 1999Carr et al, 1996). HPMC has been shown to blunt postprandial glucose and insulin elevations (Reppas et al, 1993;Maki et al, 2007Maki et al, , 2008 and to reduce fasting TC and LDL-C concentrations (Dressman et al, 1993;Maki et al, 1999Maki et al, , 2000Reppas et al, 2009). In previous trials, our group has demonstrated that consumption of 5.0 g per day of high-viscosity HPMC with meals lowered LDL-C by 9-13% (Maki et al, 1999(Maki et al, , 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose lowers cholesterol in statin-treated men and women with primary hypercholesterolemia

et al. 2009

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Background/Objectives: Consumption of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), a viscous dietary fiber, lowers total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). However, HPMC had not previously been studied in individuals receiving lipid drug therapy. Subjects/Methods: This randomized, double-blind crossover trial examined the lipid effects of HPMC in subjects with hypercholesterolemia on statin therapy. Men (n ¼ 5) and women (n ¼ 8) with LDL-CX2.59 mmol/l after at least 4 weeks of stable-dose statin therapy, and a mean age of 58.6 years, were enrolled. Subjects received twice daily doses of either 2.5 g HPMC or control, delivered in a lemonade beverage for 4 weeks, then crossed over to receive the opposite treatment for an additional 4 weeks. Results: Mean baseline concentrations of TC, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), LDL-C, HDL-C, triglyceride (TG), TC/HDL-C ratio and apolipoprotein (Apo) B were 4.95, 3.63, 3.03, 1.33, 1.30 and 3.89 mmol/l and 1.00 g/l, respectively. HPMC consumption resulted in significantly larger reductions (Po0.01 vs control for all) in TC (À10.9 vs À3.5%), non-HDL-C (À12.8 vs À2.9%), LDL-C (À15.7 vs À5.1%), TC/HDL-C ratio (À5.3 vs þ 1.3%) and Apo B (À8.7 vs À3.9%). There were no differences between treatments for changes in HDL-C (À5.2 vs À4.3%) or TG ( þ 3.9 vs þ 8.9%). Conclusions: These results support the view that HPMC is an effective adjunct to statin therapy for further lowering atherogenic lipids and lipoproteins in men and women with primary hypercholesterolemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose lowers cholesterol in statin-treated men and women with primary hypercholesterolemia

et al. 2009

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“…2). On the contrary, unlike other polysaccharide-type modulators such as chitosan, b-glucans and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, [32][33][34] the Triton WR1339-induced increase in TC concentration was not significantly affected by RGAP treatment, although there was an inhibitory tendency at higher doses (500, 1000 mg/kg) (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Anti-hyperlipidemic Effects of Red Ginseng Acidic Polysaccharide from Korean Red Ginseng

Kwak

Kyung

Kim³

et al. 2010

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Korean ginseng (the root of Panax ginseng C. A. MEYER) has been known to be a valuable and important folk medicine in East Asian countries, including Korea, China, and Japan for about 2000 years. Panax ginseng is indeed being widely used to treat numerous diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.1) Active constituents with curable features found in most of ginseng species include ginsenosides, polysaccharides, peptides, polyacetylenic alcohols, and fatty acids.2) Of these, ginsenosides, a group of saponins with a triterpenoid dammarane structure, have been studied as major pharmacological components with a variety of effects such as anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlilidemic, and anti-atherosclerosis activities in ginseng.2-6) Polysaccharide fractions from ginseng have also been explored to understand ginseng's biological roles in pharmacology in terms of immunostimulatory functions. 2)Numerous studies have revealed that polysaccharides from the root of Panax ginseng were known to have mitogenic activities, anti-tumor activities and immunostimulating activities in the cyclophosphamide-treated immunosuppressed mice.2,7-9) It has also been reported that red ginseng acidic polysaccharide (RGAP) from Korean red ginseng was able to up-regulate immunostimulating and antitumor activities for activation of natural killer cells and nitric oxide production in macrophages and in tumor-bearing models. 10,11) Furthermore, acidic polysaccharides from ginseng root were found to reduce the incidence rate of benzo[a]pyreneinduced autochthonous neoplasm. 12)In addition, the anti-metabolic disease effects of polysaccharide fractions have also been explored using in vitro and in vivo experimental models. It has been reported that nonsaponin fractions of Korean red ginseng, are capable of inhibiting epinephrine-induced lipolysis and of stimulating insulin-mediated lipogenesis from glucose in rat adipocytes. 13)Acidic polysaccharides from ginseng root were found to inhibit toxohormone L-induced lipolysis.13) Acidic polysaccharides from Korean red ginseng modulated pancreatic lipase activity, and caused a reduction of plasma triglyceride levels after oral administration of corn oil emulsion to rats, implying the involvement of pancreatic lipase in the reduction of lipolysis.14) Nonetheless, very few polysaccharides of RGAP are known to be effective against hyperlipidemia in vivo. Although several papers have indicated the role of polysaccharide fractions from ginseng play in this regard, the effect of RGAP on lipid metabolism and hyperlipidemic conditions has not been fully elucidated yet. In this study, therefore, we aimed to explore the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of orally administered RGAP from Korean red ginseng with hyperlipidemic rat models. To do this, both Triton WR1339-induced endogenous and corn oil-induced exogenous hyperlipidemic rat models were employed. It has been reported that Triton WR1339 treatment increases serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) by u...

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“…Thirteen randomised controlled trials were identified that presented evidence on isolated gums and gelling agents in relation to fasting blood lipids (Bell et al, 1990;Ryle et al, 1990;Landin et al, 1992;Vido et al, 1993;Mee & Gee, 1997;Pasman et al, 1997b;Panlasigui et al, 2003;Marett & Slavin, 2004;Lehtimaki et al, 2005;Schwab et al, 2006;Garcia et al, 2006;Wood et al, 2007;Reppas et al, 2009) Two trials could not be included in meta-analysis (Vido et al, 1993;Pasman et al, 1997b), but demonstrated no significant effect of fibre isolates and gum supplements on fasting blood lipids. One trial only provided data for fasting triacylglycerol concentration (Landin et al, 1992).…”

Section: Mixed Isolated Fibre Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macronutrients and type 1 diabetes (revision number 6)

Garden¹,

Paterson²

2014

Diapedia

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Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose significantly lowers blood cholesterol in mildly hypercholesterolemic human subjects

Cited by 36 publications

References 16 publications

Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose lowers cholesterol in statin-treated men and women with primary hypercholesterolemia

Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose lowers cholesterol in statin-treated men and women with primary hypercholesterolemia

Anti-hyperlipidemic Effects of Red Ginseng Acidic Polysaccharide from Korean Red Ginseng

Macronutrients and type 1 diabetes (revision number 6)

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