Hydroxyl radicals in indoor environments

Sarwar, Golam; Corsi, Richard L.; Kimura, Yosuke; Allen, David T.; Weschler, Charles J.

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(02)00278-9

Cited by 147 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Rough estimation of uncertainty associated with the calculated [OH] is to a factor of 2. However, the estimated [OH] s.s concentrations in this study were consistent in magnitude with previous studies conducted at comparable ozone concentrations (Chen and Hopke, 2009a,b;Fan et al, 2003;Sarwar et al, 2002;Singer et al, 2006;Weschler and Shields, 1996).…”

Section: Oh Radicalssupporting

confidence: 91%

A chamber study of secondary organic aerosol formation by limonene ozonolysis

Chen

Hopke

2010

Indoor Air

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Section: Oh Radicalssupporting

confidence: 91%

A chamber study of secondary organic aerosol formation by limonene ozonolysis

Chen

Hopke

2010

Indoor Air

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“…This removal is matched by emissions into the air of volatile skin-oil oxidation products. The unsaturated volatile products (e.g., 6-MHO, geranyl acetone, 4-MOD), in addition to reacting with ozone, can rapidly consume hydroxyl and nitrate radicals, which may be present due to ozone/alkene (46)(47)(48)(49) and ozone/nitrogen dioxide reactions (49,50). In effect, humans substantially alter the mix and mixing ratio of oxidizing and oxidized species in the indoor environments that they occupy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactions of ozone with human skin lipids: Sources of carbonyls, dicarbonyls, and hydroxycarbonyls in indoor air

Wisthaler

Weschler

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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370

544

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This study has used proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) for direct air analyses of volatile products resulting from the reactions of ozone with human skin lipids. An initial series of small-scale in vitro and in vivo experiments were followed by experiments conducted with human subjects in a simulated office. The latter were conducted using realistic ozone mixing ratios (≈15 ppb with occupants present). Detected products included mono- and bifunctional compounds that contain carbonyl, carboxyl, or α -hydroxy ketone groups. Among these, three previously unreported dicarbonyls have been identified, and two previously unreported α -hydroxy ketones have been tentatively identified. The compounds detected in this study (excepting acetone) have been overlooked in surveys of indoor pollutants, reflecting the limitations of the analytical methods routinely used to monitor indoor air. The results are fully consistent with the Criegee mechanism for ozone reacting with squalene, the single most abundant unsaturated constituent of skin lipids, and several unsaturated fatty acid moieties in their free or esterified forms. Quantitative product analysis confirms that squalene is the major scavenger of ozone at the interface between room air and the human envelope. Reactions between ozone and human skin lipids reduce the mixing ratio of ozone in indoor air, but concomitantly increase the mixing ratios of volatile products and, presumably, skin surface concentrations of less volatile products. Some of the volatile products, especially the dicarbonyls, may be respiratory irritants. Some of the less volatile products may be skin irritants.

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“…An indoor environment nitrate radical concentration of 2 × 10 7 molecules/ cm −3 (approximately 1.1 ppt) has been previously estimated by Sarwar et al [1]. Recently indoor nitrate radical concentrations of 1-58 ppt have been measured [31].…”

Section: Atmospheric Implications In Indoor Airmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Indoor environment concentrations of the nitrate radical ( ), an important reactive species, have been estimated by Sarwar et al to be approximately 1.1 parts per trillion (ppt) (2 × 10 7 molecules/cm 3 ) [1]. The indoor concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be elevated from activities such as cleaning, washing, and painting and as a result of building energy-saving measures [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2–Butoxyethanol and benzyl alcohol reactions with the nitrate radical: Rate coefficients and gas‐phase products

Harrison

Wells

2012

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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The bimolecular rate coefficients and were measured using the relative rate technique at (297 ± 3) K and 1 atmosphere total pressure. Values of (2.7 ± 0.7) and (4.0 ± 1.0) × 10 −15 cm 3 molecule −1 s −1 were observed for and ,respectively. In addition, the products of and gasphase reactions were investigated. Derivatizing agents O- (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine and N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were used to identify the reaction products. For reaction: hydroxyacetaldehyde, 3-hydroxypropanal, 4-hydroxybutanal, butoxyacetaldehyde, and 4-(2-oxoethoxy)butan-2-yl nitrate were the derivatized products observed. For the reaction: benzaldehyde ((C 6 H 5 )C(=O)H) was the only derivatized product observed. Negative chemical ionization was used to identify the following nitrate products: [(2-butoxyethoxy)(oxido)amino]oxidanide and benzyl nitrate, for and , respectively. The elucidation of these products was facilitated by mass spectrometry of the derivatized reaction products coupled with a plausible 2-butoxyethanol or reaction mechanisms based on previously published gas-phase mechanisms.

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Hydroxyl radicals in indoor environments

Cited by 147 publications

References 26 publications

A chamber study of secondary organic aerosol formation by limonene ozonolysis

A chamber study of secondary organic aerosol formation by limonene ozonolysis

Reactions of ozone with human skin lipids: Sources of carbonyls, dicarbonyls, and hydroxycarbonyls in indoor air

2–Butoxyethanol and benzyl alcohol reactions with the nitrate radical: Rate coefficients and gas‐phase products

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