Hydroxychloroquine And Azithromycin As A Treatment Of Covid- 19: Electrocardiogram Variability

Ouarradi, Amal El; Abdeladim, Salma; Oualim, Sara; Filali, R. Aniq; Bensahi, Ilham; Elharass, Mahassine; Hafid, Sara; Tazi, Hicham; Naitlhou, Abdelhamid; Bouaiti, E. L. Arbi; Moustaghfir, A.; Sabry, Mohamed

doi:10.37616/2212-5043.1088

Cited by 5 publications

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References 20 publications

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“…[ 39 ] Several surveys have suggested that patients with COVID-19 have symptoms of depression, insomnia, anxiety,[ 40 41 ] and post-traumatic stress disorder. [ 42 43 ] Coronaviruses may also affect the central nervous system leading to a significant psychiatric and neuro-psychiatric burden among infected individuals in the acute or post-illness stage. This may include neuro-psychiatric conditions such as confusion, impaired memory, insomnia, depression, and anxiety in individuals who have survived the severe illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parity of esteem: A global COVID-19 vaccination approach for people with mental illnesses, based on facts from 34 countries; recommendations and solutions

Shoib,

Saeed,

Philip

et al. 2023

Industrial Psychiatry Journal

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Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has detrimental effects on physical and mental health. Patients with severe mental illness are at higher risk of contracting the virus due to social determinants of health. Vulnerable populations include the elderly, people with pre-existing conditions, and those exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Unfortunately, only a few countries have updated vaccination strategies to prioritize patients with mental illnesses. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether individuals with mental disorders are prioritized in vaccine allocation strategies in different world regions. They are often neglected in policymaking but are highly vulnerable to the threatening complications of COVID-19. Methods: A questionnaire was developed to record details regarding COVID-19 vaccination and prioritizations for groups of persons with non-communicable diseases (NCDs), mental disorders, and substance use disorders (SUDs). NCDs were defined according to the WHO as chronic diseases that are the result of a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, respiratory diseases, and diabetes. Results: Most countries surveyed (80%) reported healthcare delivery via a nationalized health service. It was found that 82% of the countries had set up advisory groups, but only 26% included a mental health professional. Most frequently, malignancy (68%) was prioritized followed by diabetes type 2 (62%) and type 1 (59%). Only nine countries (26%) prioritized mental health conditions. Conclusion: The spread of the coronavirus has exposed both the strengths and flaws of our healthcare systems. The most vulnerable groups suffered the most and were hit first and faced most challenges. These findings raise awareness that patients with mental illnesses have been overlooked in immunization campaigns. The range of their mortality, morbidity, and quality of life could have widened due to this delay.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parity of esteem: A global COVID-19 vaccination approach for people with mental illnesses, based on facts from 34 countries; recommendations and solutions

Shoib,

Saeed,

Philip

et al. 2023

Industrial Psychiatry Journal

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“…Melatonin, such as many other antiparasitic drugs-ivermectin [205][206][207][208][209], doxycycline [210][211][212], metronidazole [213], mefloquine [214], and hydroxychloroquine [215,216]has been suggested as a possible adjuvant agent in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection [217][218][219][220][221]. Due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and potent mitoprotective properties, melatonin might be beneficial in the preservation of mitochondrial functions and neuro-and cardioprotection during infections, whereas clarification of its mechanism of action as antiparasitic agent would be an interesting topic for further research.…”

Section: The Role Of Melatonin In the Treatment Of The Protozoan Parasitic Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms of Melatonin-Mediated Cell Protection and Signaling in Health and Disease

Kopustinskienė

Bernatonienė

2021

Pharmaceutics

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Melatonin, an endogenously synthesized indolamine, is a powerful antioxidant exerting beneficial action in many pathological conditions. Melatonin protects from oxidative stress in ischemic/reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging, decreases inflammation, modulates the immune system, inhibits proliferation, counteracts the Warburg effect, and promotes apoptosis in various cancer models. Melatonin stimulates antioxidant enzymes in the cells, protects mitochondrial membrane phospholipids, especially cardiolipin, from oxidation thus preserving integrity of the membranes, affects mitochondrial membrane potential, stimulates activity of respiratory chain enzymes, and decreases the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and cytochrome c release. This review will focus on the molecular mechanisms of melatonin effects in the cells during normal and pathological conditions and possible melatonin clinical applications.

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QTc prolongation in COVID‐19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, azithromycin, or lopinavir/ritonavir: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Diaz‐Arocutipa

Brañez-Condorena

Hernandez

2021

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug

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Purpose: Hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, azithromycin, and lopinavir/ritonavir are drugs that were used for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the early pandemic period. It is well-known that these agents can prolong the QTc interval and potentially induce Torsades de Pointes (TdP). We aim to assess the prevalence and risk of QTc prolongation and arrhythmic events in COVID-19 patients treated with these drugs.Methods: We searched electronic databases from inception to September 30, 2020 for studies reporting peak QTc ≥500 ms, peak QTc change ≥60 ms, peak QTc interval, peak change of QTc interval, ventricular arrhythmias, TdP, sudden cardiac death, or atrioventricular block (AVB). All meta-analyses were conducted using a randomeffects model. Results: Forty-seven studies (three case series, 35 cohorts, and nine randomized controlled trials [RCTs]) involving 13 087 patients were included. The pooled prevalence of peak QTc ≥500 ms was 9% (95% confidence interval [95%CI], 3%-18%) and 8% (95%CI, 3%-14%) in patients who received hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin, respectively. Likewise, the use of hydroxychloroquine (risk ratio [RR], 2.68; 95%CI, 1.56-4.60) and hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin (RR, 3.28; 95%CI, 1.16-9.30) was associated with an increased risk of QTc prolongation compared to no treatment. Ventricular arrhythmias, TdP, sudden cardiac death, and AVB were reported in <1% of patients across treatment groups.The only two studies that reported individual data of lopinavir/ritonavir found no cases of QTc prolongation.Conclusions: COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine with or without azithromycin had a relatively high prevalence and risk of QTc prolongation. However, the prevalence of arrhythmic events was very low, probably due to underreporting. The limited information about lopinavir/ritonavir showed that it does not prolong the QTc interval.

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Hydroxychloroquine And Azithromycin As A Treatment Of Covid- 19: Electrocardiogram Variability

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Parity of esteem: A global COVID-19 vaccination approach for people with mental illnesses, based on facts from 34 countries; recommendations and solutions

Parity of esteem: A global COVID-19 vaccination approach for people with mental illnesses, based on facts from 34 countries; recommendations and solutions

Molecular Mechanisms of Melatonin-Mediated Cell Protection and Signaling in Health and Disease

QTc prolongation in COVID‐19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, azithromycin, or lopinavir/ritonavir: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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