Hydroxyapatite/hydroxyapatite-magnesium double-layer coatings as potential candidates for surface modification of 316 LVM stainless steel implants

Analysis of the New Forming Process of Medical Screws with a Cylindrical Head of 316 LVM Steel

“…In order to ensure the purity and homogeneity of 316 LVM steel, a double vacuum induction melting + vacuum arc remelting process is generally used. This steel has good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance [ 5 ]. It has better mechanical properties after cold forming than hot forming [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Bioactive surface modifications through thermally sprayed hydroxyapatite composite coatings: a review of selective reinforcements

“…The reason cited for such cracks and separation was a mismatch of CTE between the coating components. 191 In another study, the presence of the bond coat slowed down the thermal decomposition, suppressed the ACP formation by increasing the coatings resorption resistance and hence achieved in vivo stability. 57 In conclusion, FGC coatings offer an improvement in bond strength, corrosion resistance, 401 peel adhesion strength, 383 reduction in CTE mismatch, 409 reduces the high cooling rates residual stress, 409 near-tip stresses, 409 restores the structural integrity, 409 and acts as a chemical barrier against metal ion release from implants.…”

“…The ability of the material to prevent surface mechanical failures under high load-bearing conditions Ti-6Al-4V/HA, 101,180 Ti, 181 graphene/HA, 182,183 Al 2 O 3 /HA, 184 CNT/HA 185,186 Non-carcinogenic Must not elicit carcinogenic material to form an inflammation or cancer Tricalicum Phosphate (TCP), 187 HA, 187 collagen/HA, 88 PLA/ HA, 188 Sr/HA, 189 and others 78,190 Nontoxic Must not release toxic substances that harm the body environment TCP, 187 HA, 187 HA/HA-Mg bi-layer, 191 HA/Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 bi-layer, 192 GO/CS/HA, 91 PLA-HA, 164 CTAB/HA, 116 Sr/HA, 165…”

“…The ability of the material to enhance bone cell growth, which increases the interaction between the implant and surrounding tissue HA/HA-Mg double-layer, 191 GO/CS/HA, 91 collagen/HA, 88 HA, 86,100 Mg/fluorapatite, 102 silk fibroin/tannic acid/HA, 158 Sr/ HA, 165 Ti/HA 178…”

“…The primary layer of the dense HA coating was applied on the substrate using the plasma-spray technique, and then the HA-Mg composite coating (with 10 and 30 wt% Mg reinforcement) was applied as a topcoat using the cold-spray technique. 191 The intermediate HA layer offered some resistance to corrosion. At the same time, the topcoat offered lower corrosion resistance and higher dissolution of Mg. 191 Cracks and separation were observed in the topcoats, whereas interface HA coatings showed no separation.…”