Hydroxyapatite from Golden Apple Snail Shell with Calcined Kaolin for Biomaterial Applications

Abstract

Biomaterials containing calcium phosphate ceramics have been used as bone substitute materials. In this study, the compressive strength and in vitro bioactivity tests of hydroxyapatite (HAp) from golden apple snail shell mixed with calcined kaolin (CK) were investigated for used as bone substitute materials. Mixed paste samples were cured at 23°C and 60°C for 2 days and curing continued at 23°C for 7 days. The effects of HAp:CK weight ratio on compressive strength and apatite formation in simulated body fluid (SBF) were investigated. The good compressive strength was 32.93 MPa at 25 % hydroxyapatite with 75% calcined kaolin at curing temperature of 60°C. Apatite formation was observed on sample surfaces after soaking in SBF for 28 days using SEM, EDS and XRD analyses. It was found that apatite formation took place on the surface of samples, consisting of HAp, after immersion in SBF.

Effect of curing temperature and time on the mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite/calcined kaolin

“…Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and calcined kaolin (CK) powders with an HAp:CK mass ratio of 1:3 (HAp/CK 25) was selected to study the influence of curing time and temperature on the compressive strength of the synthesized samples. This ratio was selected due to the high compressive strength and good bioactivity of samples prepared at this ratio 16 . The HAp/CK 25 powders were mechanically mixed with an activated binder solution using a planetary mixer for 5 min.…”