Hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite coatings on dental screws: effects of blast coating process and biological response

Abstract

This paper describes the deposition of hydroxyapatite (HA) and fluorapatite (FA) onto titanium dental screws using a novel ambient temperature coating technique named CoBlast. The process utilises a coating medium and a blast medium sprayed simultaneously at the substrate surface. The blast medium was a sintered apatite (sHA) and two particles sizes (<106 and <180 µm) were used to assess their influence on the coating process. The influence of the coating process on the coating composition, coating adhesion, screw morphology and screw microstructure was examined. XRD analysis revealed the coating crystallinity was the same as the original HA and FA feedstock powders. Examining the screw's morphology, the threads of the CoBlasted screws exhibited rounding compared to the unmodified screw. This is due to the abrasive nature of the CoBlast process. The degree of rounding was more significant for the screws blasted with the 180 µm sHA than the 106 µm sHA. The blast media particle size significantly influences the surface roughness of both the substrate and coating and the microstructure of the substrate. The screws did not exhibit any loss of coating after insertion into a model bone material, indicating that the coating was strongly adhered to the substrate. There was no statistically significant difference in cell attachment and cell morphology on the unmodified substrates compared to the coated substrates. In conclusion, the CoBlast process can be used to deposit HA and FA onto complex geometries such as dental screws. The choice of blast medium particle size influences the screws morphology. The coating process does not negatively impact on the cell attachment and morphology in vitro.

Superior biofunctionality of dental implant fixtures uniformly coated with durable bioglass films by magnetron sputtering

“…Recent progresses on coating dental implants with hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite by a new deposition technique -CoBlast were made by Dunne et al [41]. Van Oirschot et al [42] deposited HA-BG composite coatings synthesized by magnetron sputtering (the BG composition was not disclosed) and studied their osteointegration efficiency in vivo using Beagle dogs as animal model.…”

There Are over 60 Ways to Produce Biocompatible Calcium Orthophosphate (CaPO4) Deposits on Various Substrates

“…Therefore, the idea of using this property to deposit CaPO 4 on metal (Ti and its alloys) substrates was introduced [659][660][661][662][663][664][665]. This process was carried out using a room temperature shot blasting machine and HA powder alone [659,660,662], or a mixture of HA powder and blasting media (CoBlast TM process developed by ENBIO (Dublin, Ireland)) [662][663][664][665]. Furthermore, blast coating can be realized with a composite ceramic consisting of an alumina core (carrier material) coated with a porous HA shell [661].…”

Nanohydroxyapatite Coating Attenuates Fibrotic and Immune Responses to Promote Keratoprosthesis Biointegration in Advanced Ocular Surface Disorders

“…Surface modification approaches, where microscale or nanoscale regions of biochemically and topographically optimized material are produced, without changing the properties of the implant, have proven promising in the field of biomedical engineering. A common surface modification approach is hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating, which has been applied to various dental, ophthalmological, and orthopedic implants. − The HAp coating acts as a bioactive surface for the bioinert implants and functions to induce tissue responses, which are essential for biointegration, such as mitigation of inflammation and reduction of fibrosis in the host tissues. ,, However, while applications in load-bearing implants are well established in the clinic, most other examples have not progressed from bench to bedside. , …”