“…As an alternative to overcome these problems, different researchers worldwide have studied the doping of TiO 2 with metallic species such as Ag, Au, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn, Pt, and Ru [ 3 ], among many others. The modification of titania and other semiconductors with different metals led to improve photochemical properties by acting as electron traps, thus, avoiding the electron–hole pair recombination, reducing the bandwidth, or adding new energy levels to efficiently absorb visible light from the electromagnetic spectrum [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”