Hydrothermally stable mesoporous ZrO2 membranes prepared by a facile nanoparticle deposition process

Gestel, Tim Van; Sebold, Doris

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2019.03.066

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Using a Shirley background, the atomic concentrations were calculated from the area under the peaks and analyzed for concentrations of carbon (C), oxygen (O), sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl), and titanium (Ti). The spectra were calibrated towards the C 1s peak of adventitious carbon at 284.4 eV [24]. Elemental depth profiles were constructed by cycles of sequential sputtering of Ar + and XPS measurements.…”

Section: Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the course of the experiment, the permeate nitrogen flux decreases due to capillary condensation of the condensable liquid inside the pores, gradually filling the pores in order to increase pore width. The decrease in nitrogen flux at a certain humidity can be related to the corresponding pore size through the Kelvin equation with the assumption of a slit-shaped pore, following from the platelet-like structure of γ-alumina [24]. The pore width is then calculated as per Equation (3) [26]:…”

Section: Membrane Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tuning Nanopores in Tubular Ceramic Nanofiltration Membranes with Atmospheric-Pressure Atomic Layer Deposition: Prospects for Pressure-Based In-Line Monitoring of Pore Narrowing

Nijboer,

Jan,

Chen

et al. 2024

Separations

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Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is known for its unparalleled control over layer thickness and 3D conformality and could be the future technique of choice to tailor the pore size of ceramic nanofiltration membranes. However, a major challenge in tuning and functionalizing a multichannel ceramic membrane is posed by its large internal pore volume, which needs to be evacuated during ALD cycling. This may require significant energy and processing time. This study presents a new reactor design, operating at atmospheric pressure, that is able to deposit thin layers in the pores of ceramic membranes. In this design, the reactor wall is formed by the industrial tubular ceramic membrane itself, and carrier gas flows are employed to transport the precursor and co-reactant vapors to the reactive surface groups present on the membrane surface. The layer growth for atmospheric-pressure ALD in this case proceeds similarly to that for state-of-the-art vacuum-based ALD. Moreover, for membrane preparation, this new reactor design has three advantages: (i) monolayers are deposited only at the outer pore mouths rather than in the entire bulk of the porous membrane substrate, resulting in reduced flow resistances for liquid permeation; (ii) an in-line gas permeation method was developed to follow the layer growth in the pores during the deposition process, allowing more precise control over the finished membrane; and (iii) expensive vacuum components and cleanroom environment are eliminated. This opens up a new avenue for ceramic membrane development with nano-scale precision using ALD at atmospheric pressure.

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Section: Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Membrane Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning Nanopores in Tubular Ceramic Nanofiltration Membranes with Atmospheric-Pressure Atomic Layer Deposition: Prospects for Pressure-Based In-Line Monitoring of Pore Narrowing

Nijboer,

Jan,

Chen

et al. 2024

Separations

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“…A SiC support was selected owing to this material high porosity, mechanical strength, and good thermal and chemical resistance [44][45][46], which make it applicable in harsh environments, such as high temperature and acid media, where other materials (e.g., alumina and silica) fail [47,48]. The coating liquid was a colloidal sol prepared through an adapted procedure for yttria-stabilized zirconia synthesis [49]. For that, 5 mL of zirconium propoxide and 28 mg of Ce(NH 4 ) 2 (NO 3 ) 6 were diluted in 25 mL of 2-propanol.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of The Ce-zro 2 Photocatalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Reduction of Cr(VI) in the Presence of Humic Acid Using Immobilized Ce–ZrO2 under Visible Light

et al. 2020

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Cr(VI) has several industrial applications but it is one of the most dangerous pollutants because of its carcinogenicity and high toxicity. Thus, the removal of Cr(VI) by photocatalytic reduction was investigated. The catalyst applied, Ce–ZrO2, was immobilized, through a sol–gel process on a silicon carbide (SiC) support, to increase the efficiency and avoid using suspended nanoparticles. The influence of initial pH, humic acid (HA), and catalyst dosage was investigated for Cr(VI) containing solutions. Then, a real galvanizing industry effluent (Cr(VI) = 77 mg L-1mg.L−1, Zn = 1789 mg L−1) was treated. It was observed that Cr(VI) adsorption and photoreduction are greatly favored at low pH values. HA can decrease Cr(VI) adsorption but also acts as holes scavenger, reducing the electron–hole recombination, favoring then the photoreduction. With the immobilized Ce–ZrO2, more than 97% of Cr(VI) was removed from the diluted effluent. These results indicate the feasibility to treat Cr(VI) effluents even in the presence of other metals and natural organic matter. The developed material has great chemical and mechanical resistances and avoids the use of nanoparticles, dangerous for the environment and hard to recover. Moreover, solar light can be used to drive the process, which contributes to the development of more sustainable, cleaner, and cost-effective wastewater treatments.

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“…The focus of our work for a number of years has been on thermally stabilized materials. Specific examples include stabilized ZrO 2 (8 % Y 2 O 3 ) and CeO 2 (10 % Gd 2 O 3 ) membranes with pore sizes ranging from 3 to 5 nm . We found that these are able to withstand temperatures of up to 750 °C and hydrothermal conditions (15 bar, 300 °C) without damage.…”

Section: Porous Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceramic Membranes: Materials – Components – Potential Applications

et al. 2019

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Gas separation in dense ceramic membranes is driven by the partial pressure gradient across the membrane. The mixed conducting materials most commonly used are single‐phase perovskites or fluorites. In recent years, the development of dual‐phase systems combining a mixed ion‐conducting and electron‐conducting phase has increased. The advantage is that a larger number of very stable materials systems is available. The membrane designs currently used include planar, tubular, hollow‐fiber, and honeycomb membranes. Each of these designs has specific advantages and disadvantages, depending on the application. Innovative joining concepts are also often needed due to the high temperatures involved. These usually involve the use of glass‐ceramic sealants or reactive metal brazes. Applications focus either on the separation of gases alone, i.e., the supply of oxygen or hydrogen, or on membrane reactors. In membrane reactors, a chemical reaction occurs on one or both sides of the membrane in addition to gas separation. The supply of gases is of potential interest for power plants, for the cement, steel, and glass industries, for the medical sector, and for mobile applications. Membrane reactors can be used to produce base chemicals or synthetic fuels.

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Hydrothermally stable mesoporous ZrO2 membranes prepared by a facile nanoparticle deposition process

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Tuning Nanopores in Tubular Ceramic Nanofiltration Membranes with Atmospheric-Pressure Atomic Layer Deposition: Prospects for Pressure-Based In-Line Monitoring of Pore Narrowing

Tuning Nanopores in Tubular Ceramic Nanofiltration Membranes with Atmospheric-Pressure Atomic Layer Deposition: Prospects for Pressure-Based In-Line Monitoring of Pore Narrowing

Photocatalytic Reduction of Cr(VI) in the Presence of Humic Acid Using Immobilized Ce–ZrO2 under Visible Light

Ceramic Membranes: Materials – Components – Potential Applications

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