Hydrothermal synthesis of ultrafine zirconia powders

Shevchenko, A. V.; Ruban, A. K.; Dudnik, E. V.; Mel'nikova, V. A.

doi:10.1007/bf02676005

Powder Metall Met Ceram

1997

DOI: 10.1007/bf02676005

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Hydrothermal synthesis of ultrafine zirconia powders

A. V. Shevchenko¹,

A. K. Ruban²,

E. V. Dudnik³

et al.

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Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Shevchenko et al synthesized 6 nm monoclinic crystals at 190-210 8C. [9] Hakuta et al and Becker et al produced mixed phase zirconia at 300-450 8C in less than a minute in continuous flow reactors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

High‐Pressure, High‐Temperature Formation of Phase‐Pure Monoclinic Zirconia Nanocrystals Studied by Time‐Resolved in situ Synchrotron X‐Ray Diffraction

2009

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Zirconia is one of the most studied metal oxides due to the important mechanical, thermal, electrical and catalytic properties and the many applications they offer. [1] In virtually all applications of zirconia, the key challenge is to control the crystal phase, morphology, and stoichiometry in order to tailor the specific targeted properties. The thermodynamically stable crystal phase of bulk zirconia is the monoclinic structure, which transforms into the tetragonal phase at 1175 8C. The tetragonal phase can be stabilized by cation substitution, which introduces oxygen vacancies in the crystal structure. As early as 1965, Garvie suggested that the tetragonal phase of zirconia is also stabilized for nanoparticles below a critical size of 30 nm due to a lower surface energy when compared to the monoclinic phase.[2] Since then, a lot of research has been conducted to understand this phenomenon, and the many results were recently reviewed by Shukla and Seal.[3] Clearly, it is highly desirable to obtain a fundamental understanding of the formation of zirconia particles on the nanoscale, since this will allow us to design materials with improved functional properties relevant for various industrial and scientific applications. Here, we study the formation of nanocrystals by high-pressure, high-temperature time-resolved in situ X-ray diffraction under hydrothermal conditions. Our data provide striking new insight about the nucleation and formation of zirconia nanocrystals.In situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction has had a strong impact on materials science since the method became widely used in the 90's.[4] Many different experimental designs have been developed, for example for controlling atmospheres in studies of catalytic processes, but common for all studies is that they are not carried out under the high pressures and high temperatures needed to bring solvents into the supercritical regime. Studies of reactions in supercritical fluids necessitate highly specialized equipment to withstand the extreme conditions, while still allowing X-ray penetration. Our group recently reported the first in situ synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) study of supercritical fluid reactions using a batch reactor, [5] and novel designs for in situ continuous-flow supercritical reactors have also been described.[6] Studying the formation and growth of zirconia nanoparticles by time-resolved in situ high-pressure, hightemperature X-ray diffraction allows a detailed and simultaneous determination of phase and size development. Zirconia nanoparticles are of particular interest during nucleation and growth due to the size-dependent crystal-phase stability. Lupo et al.

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confidence: 98%

High‐Pressure, High‐Temperature Formation of Phase‐Pure Monoclinic Zirconia Nanocrystals Studied by Time‐Resolved in situ Synchrotron X‐Ray Diffraction

2009

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“…For this, a water solution of zirconium oxychloride with a definite concentration was treated under hydrothermal conditions at 170 -190°C for 6 h [3]. An advantage of the hydrothermal decomposition in an acid medium over other methods of obtaining ZrO 2 nanocrystalline powders is homogeneity of the process of nucleation and growth of the primary particles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two methods were used in succession to synthesize the initial Y, Ce-TZP nanocrystalline powders: hydrothermal decomposition of zirconium salt in an acidic medium and mechanical working of the obtained powder and alloying additions [3,4]. Chemically pure zirconium oxychloride ZrOCl 2 × 8H 2 O, yttrium nitrate Y(NO 3 ) 3 × 6H 2 O, and cerium nitrate Ce(NO 3 ) 3 × 6H 2 O were used as the initial materials.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bioceramic based on zirconium dioxide

2009

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A bioinert ceramic based on partially stabilized tetragonal zirconium dioxide has been developed and its chemical and phase composition, microstructure, and physical -technical properties have been investigated. Ceramic heads for endoprostheses for the coxofemoral joint -28 mm in diameter with less than 0.02 mm roughness R a of the spherical surface and 1 mm deviation from sphericity -have been fabricated. It is shown that the bioceramic which has been developed and the ceramic heads for endoprostheses fabricated from it meet the technical characteristics and parameters required by international standards and their quality is at least as good as that of the analogous articles manufactured by well-known firms.

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“…Type 1 samples were produced by sintering layups consisting of alternating metal fabric and ceramic strips of stabilized zirconia (ZrO 2 ) powder. The ZrO 2 powder was produced hydrothermally and consisted of soft easy-breaking agglomerates 0.5 to 10.0 µm in size, the mean particle size being no more than 80 nm [4]. The powder was granulated and rolled into strong and flexible strips 0.5 to 0.7 mm thick.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of metal-layer structure on the mechanical properties of multilayer metal–ceramic composites. II. Heat resistance

Radchenko

Panichkina

Get’man

et al. 2009

Powder Metall Met Ceram

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The effect of the metal-layer structure and of the interface between the ceramic and metal components on the heat resistance of multilayer ceramic-metal composites is examined. The use of metal fabric layers substantially enhances the heat resistance of composites. The adverse effect of the residual porosity and, sometimes, poor adhesion between the ceramic and metal phases on heat resistance decreases owing to the skeleton structure of metal layers. The skeleton structure of metal layers promotes crack branching and retards the formation of the main crack.Heat resistance is an important characteristic of many types of ceramics, which is the capability of a material to withstand, without failure, thermal stresses caused by temperature change during heating or cooling. Metal-based ceramic materials often exhibit low thermal expansion coefficient, low heat conductivity, high elastic modulus, ultimate strength over a wide range, and low plasticity; hence, they have low heat resistance.One of the ways to improve the heat resistance of ceramics is to produce composite materials by introducing metal fibers into the ceramic base. Heat resistance is also enhanced because mechanical stresses are better distributed and hardening fibers restrain cracking of the ceramic matrix [1]. Layered metal ceramic composites, in which metal fabric and ceramic layers alternate, may serve as an example [2].It was previously shown that such multilayer composites exhibited high fracture toughness though the samples had significant (to 24-25%) residual porosity [3]. Fracture toughness grows substantially especially when mesh layers are made of metal fabric. When such samples are pressed, ceramic powder fills the fabric cells and the resulting metal ceramic layer has a skeleton-like structure. Such a developed skeleton structure of layered composites weakens the adverse effect of residual porosity on the mechanical properties. This paper examines how the structure of metal layers and the interface between ceramic and metal layers influence the heat resistance of layered metal ceramic composites.

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Hydrothermal synthesis of ultrafine zirconia powders

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

High‐Pressure, High‐Temperature Formation of Phase‐Pure Monoclinic Zirconia Nanocrystals Studied by Time‐Resolved in situ Synchrotron X‐Ray Diffraction

High‐Pressure, High‐Temperature Formation of Phase‐Pure Monoclinic Zirconia Nanocrystals Studied by Time‐Resolved in situ Synchrotron X‐Ray Diffraction

Bioceramic based on zirconium dioxide

Effect of metal-layer structure on the mechanical properties of multilayer metal–ceramic composites. II. Heat resistance

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