Hydrothermal synthesis of nitrogen doped graphene nanosheets from carbon nanosheets with enhanced electrocatalytic properties

Abstract

Nitrogen doped graphene nanosheets (NGS) were synthesized from carbon nanosheets (CNS). The as-synthesized NGS were employed to selectively detect dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) with enhanced electrocatalytic activity.

Nitrogen-Doped Graphene: The Influence of Doping Level on the Charge-Transfer Resistance and Apparent Heterogeneous Electron Transfer Rate

“…The hydrothermal method was employed for large-scale production of nitrogen-doped graphene [25,26]. The preparation of nitrogen-doped graphene using hydrothermal methods was realized using different dopants such as melamine [27,28], hydrazine and ammonia [29], ammonium carbonate [30], 1,4-butanediamine [31], ethylenediamine [32], etc. As an example, Kamali and Golsheikh [33] synthesized well-dispersed, nitrogen-doped graphene, through the hydrothermal reduction of graphene oxide in the presence of ammonia.…”

Electrochemically synthesized highly crystalline nitrogen doped graphene nanosheets with exceptional biocompatibility

“…The XRD patterns of CNS displayed no diffraction peaks, thereby highlighting the amorphous nature of the precursor material. However, our previously synthesized NGS 19 exhibited a broad (002) peak at 23°, hinting extensive reduction of our starting material along with partial restoration of the graphitic structure. In contrast, the resultant eNGS evince high intensity, sharp (002) peak centred at 24° along with a small (100) peak at 43°, suggesting the formation of highly exfoliated and crystalline eNGS.…”

“…In contrast, the resultant eNGS evince high intensity, sharp (002) peak centred at 24° along with a small (100) peak at 43°, suggesting the formation of highly exfoliated and crystalline eNGS. Additionally, the interlayer spacing was also seen to increase slightly from 0.354 nm (NGS) 19 to 0.365 nm for eNGS. These results demonstrate the successful synthesis of high quality, crystalline, and well exfoliated nanomaterial, which could be attributed to the irreversible reduction of eNGS via .…”

“…CNS was synthesized as reported in our previous work 19 . A Pt- electrode acquired from Gamry Instruments, USA, with geometrical area of 0.071 cm 2 (3 mm in diameter) was used for sensor preparation.…”

“…Additionally, the successfully eliminated oxygen moieties along with other morphological modifications represents a facile, green, and efficient route to fabricate high performance electrocatalytic biosensors which would also display biocompatibility due to nitrogen incorporation into the basic framework of eNGS 17 , 18 . Recently, our group reported the hydrothermal preparation of nitrogen doped graphene nanosheets (NGS), which were used as an electrode material to selectively determine dopamine (DA), and demonstrated exceptional potential separation which indicates the excellent selectivity of the system of DA and uric acid (UA) 19 . In spite of the superior electrocatalytic properties of NGS along with their high repeatability and stability as an electrochemical nanoelectrocatalyst, we were unable to determine DA in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA).…”