Hydrothermal synthesis, microstructure and electrical properties of (1- x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-xBaTiO3 ceramics

Studies of Structural, Dielectric, and Impedance Spectroscopy of KBT-Modified Sodium Bismuth Titanate Lead-Free Ceramics

“…Lead-based ceramics are the most commonly utilized piezoelectric materials for piezoelectric sensors, actuators, and transducers on account of their excellent piezoelectric characteristics. , Considering the toxicity and volatility of lead oxides in materials, there is an increased demand for lead-free materials as well as biocompatible and environmentally friendly materials. , Recently, several lead-free piezoceramics have been produced; within them, perovskite lead-free solid solutions which are based on K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (KNN), BaTiO 3 (BT), (Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 )­TiO 3 (NBT), and (K 0.5 Bi 0.5 )­TiO 3 (KBT) are very promising eco-friendly piezoceramics. − Nevertheless, these solid solutions need to be analyzed to be utilized in a commercial way. The principal challenge for BT-based piezoceramics is their comparatively lower curie temperature ( T c ), making the operating temperature range limited, whereas for KNN- and KBT-based piezoceramics, the difficulty lies in producing densely packed ceramics in a reliable manner. , Sodium bismuth titanate ((Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 )­TiO 3 , abbreviated as NBT) , is a very well-known antiferroelectric material with a rhombohedral perovskite R 3 c structure.…”

“… 1 , 2 Considering the toxicity and volatility of lead oxides in materials, there is an increased demand for lead-free materials as well as biocompatible and environmentally friendly materials. 3 , 4 Recently, several lead-free piezoceramics have been produced; within them, perovskite lead-free solid solutions which are based on K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (KNN), BaTiO 3 (BT), (Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 )TiO 3 (NBT), and (K 0.5 Bi 0.5 )TiO 3 (KBT) are very promising eco-friendly piezoceramics. 5 − 8 Nevertheless, these solid solutions need to be analyzed to be utilized in a commercial way.…”