Bismuth phosphate represents one promising class of luminescent host materials, while its application is challenged by structural instability. In this work, a series of nanocrystals Bi 1−x Ln x PO 4 (x = 0.02-0.09; Ln = La, Ce, Nd, Eu, Er) were prepared with an aim to find new routes in improving the structural stability of BiPO 4 nanocrystals. Systematic sample characterization by XRD, SEM, TEM, and EDX indicates that doping a small amount of Ln 3+ ions ≤9% could significantly stabilize the low temperature monoclinic phase (LTMP) by retarding the structure transition to the high temperature monoclinic phase (HTMP). For instance, after annealing at 900 °C, the relative contents of LTMP for co-doping of 5% La 3+ , 5% Nd 3+ , 5% Ce 3+ with 2% Eu 3+ were as high as 89%, 87%, and 96%, respectively, which are totally different from the un-doped BiPO 4 at this temperature where LTMP is absent completely. This phenomenon has never been reported before for improving the stability of BiPO 4 , which has been explained in terms of lattice disorder due to the preference of the linking ways of rare earth-oxygen polyhedra and PO 4 tetrahedra.With this abnormal structural stabilization, the luminescent properties of the Ln 3+ doped LTMP, including emission intensity, lifetime, and quantum efficiency, were further tailored through simply tuning the calcination temperatures.