Hydrothermal Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of NiTiO₃ for the Degradation of Malachite Green under Visible Light Irradiation

Abstract

This study was dedicated to the development of an efficient, low‐cost, and environmentally friendly perovskite system for the elimination of recalcitrant dye from aqueous media by exploiting the photocatalytic performance of . The material was successfully obtained by hydrothermal synthesis in a Teflon batch‐type reactor system and then characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐Vis), and Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller analysis. The experimental analysis shows that after calcination at 800 °C, the phase is well crystallized. The as‐synthesized shows a band gap energy of and a surface area of 82.18 m2 −1. The degradation experiments were optimized using the One‐Factor‐at‐a‐Time strategy under the effect of four (4) operating factors, including catalyst dose (0.1–1) g L−1, medium pH (1–11), hydrogen peroxide concentration (0.025–0.250) , and initial dose (5–50) . The attained results illustrate that malachite green elimination increased with the rise of the H2O2 concentration and the catalyst dose. The optimum conditions determined at room temperature were = =0.5 g L−1, =0.250 , and pH 3 with a total removal efficiency (~100 %) achieved after 20 min of reaction. The results showed that the material is an outstanding visible‐light‐driven catalyst material for the photodegradation of MG under visible‐light irradiation.