“…The height of the peak at 1315 cm -1 , assigned intermolecular hydrogen bond in amorphous cellulose, was also increased in pretreated samples, suggesting the enhancement of enzymatic saccharification. On the other hand, the peak height at 1627 cm -1 , representing C=C bond in an aromatic skeleton of lignin [23][24], was reduced in pretreated samples, suggesting the removal of lignin from biomass during pretreatment.…”
Section: Microscopic Chemical Analysis Of Pretreated Rice Strawmentioning
The pretreatment method is one of the challenging steps in the production of biofuel through the biorefinery process that unlocks the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulosic biomass. Ionic liquid pretreatment gained attention for being highly effective to improve the enzymatic saccharification of the biomass, however its high cost hinders its industrial application. In this study, the combined effect of ionic liquid 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIM-Ac) with inorganic salts (NaCl and KCl) was used for the pretreatment of rice straw. Optimization of pretreatment was conducted based on Response Surface Methodology and sugar yields obtained by EMIM-Ac+NaCl (160 °C, 88.7 min, 7.6%wt) and EMIMAc+ KCl (160 °C, 68.2 min, 12.5%wt) were 670.7 and 392.9 mg/g-biomass, respectively. The effect of combined pretreatment on ethanol production was analyzed after 48h fermentation. The results showed that the ethanol yield from pretreated samples with EMIM-Ac+NaCl (0.72%) and EMIM+KCl (0.76%) was increased by 2.18 and 2.25 fold times, respectively, compared to untreated sample (0.33%). This combined effect of inorganic salts and ionic liquid significantly removed the lignin during pretreatment, while maintaining efficient enzymatic saccharification of rice straw. Thus, this cost-effective combined chemical method may be an alternative strategy for increasing cellulosic ethanol production.
“…The height of the peak at 1315 cm -1 , assigned intermolecular hydrogen bond in amorphous cellulose, was also increased in pretreated samples, suggesting the enhancement of enzymatic saccharification. On the other hand, the peak height at 1627 cm -1 , representing C=C bond in an aromatic skeleton of lignin [23][24], was reduced in pretreated samples, suggesting the removal of lignin from biomass during pretreatment.…”
Section: Microscopic Chemical Analysis Of Pretreated Rice Strawmentioning
The pretreatment method is one of the challenging steps in the production of biofuel through the biorefinery process that unlocks the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulosic biomass. Ionic liquid pretreatment gained attention for being highly effective to improve the enzymatic saccharification of the biomass, however its high cost hinders its industrial application. In this study, the combined effect of ionic liquid 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIM-Ac) with inorganic salts (NaCl and KCl) was used for the pretreatment of rice straw. Optimization of pretreatment was conducted based on Response Surface Methodology and sugar yields obtained by EMIM-Ac+NaCl (160 °C, 88.7 min, 7.6%wt) and EMIMAc+ KCl (160 °C, 68.2 min, 12.5%wt) were 670.7 and 392.9 mg/g-biomass, respectively. The effect of combined pretreatment on ethanol production was analyzed after 48h fermentation. The results showed that the ethanol yield from pretreated samples with EMIM-Ac+NaCl (0.72%) and EMIM+KCl (0.76%) was increased by 2.18 and 2.25 fold times, respectively, compared to untreated sample (0.33%). This combined effect of inorganic salts and ionic liquid significantly removed the lignin during pretreatment, while maintaining efficient enzymatic saccharification of rice straw. Thus, this cost-effective combined chemical method may be an alternative strategy for increasing cellulosic ethanol production.
“…59 Also, pretreatment methods based on deep eutectic solvents (DESs) show intriguing advantages. 60 DESs are a class of solvent systems comprised of two or more compounds acting as hydrogen bond donors (HBD) and hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA). The noteworthy characteristic of DESs is that they have lower melting points than the original compound, which results from the intricate hydrogen bonding between HBD and HBA.…”
Section: Nanocellulose and Nanocellulose Hydrogelsmentioning
The rapid development of nanocellulose and hydrogels has contributed to the development of renewable smart material technologies in recent years. Based on the excellent renewable and biodegradable properties of nanocellulose,...
“…The large amount of pentose sugars such as xylose and arabinose and minor hexose including glucose and mannose are typically produced from the hydrothermal process, which must be separated individually for further use. 9 This article is licensed under CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 T h i s c o n t e n t i s The hydrolysate obtained from hydrothermal pretreatment contains typically pentose (C 5 ) sugars in particular xylose and arabinose depending on the plant species and its operating conditions. The hydrolysate contains some of hemicellulose derivatives such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), levulinic acid (LA), and furfuryl alcohol.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The separation and purification methods are thus crucial steps in the downstream processes in a biorefinery to purify or recover pure monosaccharides for further applications. The large amount of pentose sugars such as xylose and arabinose and minor hexose including glucose and mannose are typically produced from the hydrothermal process, which must be separated individually for further use . The hydrolysate obtained from hydrothermal pretreatment contains typically pentose (C 5 ) sugars in particular xylose and arabinose depending on the plant species and its operating conditions.…”
The development of low-cost purification technology is an indispensable need for industrial biorefinery. Xylose is easily obtained from hydrothermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. This current study emphasizes the chromatographic monosaccharide separation process using commercial cationexchange resins (CER) including Amberlite 120 and Indion 225 to separate xylose from a mixture of hydrolysates. To understand the performance of the two CER, the studies of equilibrium, thermodynamics, and kinetics were evaluated. In this study, with different xylose concentrations, the adsorption equilibrium was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model well (R 2 > 0.90 for both CER). The results indicated that a pseudo-second-order model represented the xylose adsorption kinetics. In addition, the activation energy of xylose adsorption onto both CER, i.e., Amberlite 120 and Indion 225 was 34.9 and 87.1 kJ/mol, respectively. The present adsorption studies revealed the potential of these commercial CER to be employed as effective adsorbents for monosaccharide separation technology.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.