Hydrothermal liquefaction of Cyanophyta: Evaluation of potential bio-crude oil production and component analysis

Song, Wenhan; Lu, Jiaming; Ma, Qiran; Xu, Donghai; Wang, Shuzhong

doi:10.1016/j.algal.2015.06.025

Cited by 43 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…FTIR spectra of chemical compounds in the bio-oil from raw and pretreated biomass samples are shown in Figure 10 phenol [88,89]. The peak became wider in the oil produced from the ALTNGS which can be ascribed to the high level of moisture in the oil sample.…”

Section: Ftir Analysis Of Bio-oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One would have expected that the solubilization of hemicellulose and extractives component of biomass will lead to drastic reduction in oxygen content of the product bio-oil but that was not the case. Therefore, formation of oxygenated compound during the pyrolysis does not only originate from hemicellulose and extractive but also from the cellulose and lignin component of the biomass [88]. Table 4: Physicochemical characteristics of bio-oil from raw and pretreated Napier grass samples.…”

Section: Bio-oil Yield and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Pretreatments of Napier Grass with Deionized Water, Sulfuric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide on Pyrolysis Oil Characteristics

Mohammed

Abakr

Kazi

et al. 2016

Waste Biomass Valor

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The depletion of fossil fuel reserves has led to increasing interest in liquid bio-fuel from renewable biomass. Biomass is a complex organic material consisting of different degrees of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, extractives and minerals. Some of the mineral elements tend to retard conversions, yield and selectivity during pyrolysis processing. This study is focused on the extraction of mineral retardants from Napier grass using deionized water, dilute sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid and subsequent pyrolysis in a fixed bed reactor. The raw biomass was characterized before and after each pretreatment following standard procedure. Pyrolysis study was conducted in a fixed bed reactor at 600 o C, 30 o C/min and 30ml/min N 2 flow. Pyrolysis oil (bio-oil) collected was analyzed using standard analytic techniques. The bio-oil yield and characteristics from each pretreated sample were compared with oil from the non-pretreated sample. Bio-oil yield from the raw sample was 32.06 wt% compared to 38.71, 33.28 and 29.27wt% oil yield recorded from the sample pretreated with sulfuric acid, deionized water and sodium hydroxide respectively. GC-MS analysis of the oil samples revealed that the oil from all Page 2 of 38 the pretreated biomass had more value added chemicals and less ketones and aldehydes. Pretreatment with neutral solvent generated valuable leachate, showed significant impact on the ash extraction, pyrolysis oil yield, and its composition and therefore can be regarded as more appropriate for thermochemical conversion of Napier grass.

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Section: Ftir Analysis Of Bio-oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bio-oil Yield and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pretreatments of Napier Grass with Deionized Water, Sulfuric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide on Pyrolysis Oil Characteristics

Mohammed

Abakr

Kazi

et al. 2016

Waste Biomass Valor

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show abstract

“…The common broad peak around 3439 cm -1 implies that the samples contain chemical compounds with hydroxyl group ( H O  ) such as water, alcohols and phenol (Guo et al, 2015;Bordoloi et al, 2015). The peak at a frequency around 2970 cm -1 is due H C  stretching vibration which is present only in the Figure 6b indicating the presence of saturated hydrocarbon in the organic phase while the peak at a frequency around 2100 cm -1 common to both phases is ascribed to the C C  functional group (Guo et al, 2015;Bordoloi et al, 2015). Vibration observed between 1625 cm -1 and 1707 cm -1 in both oil phases is attributed to O C  which signifies the presence of aldehydes, ketones or carboxylic acids.…”

Section: Fourier-transform Infra-red (Ftir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Napier grass via intermediate pyrolysis: Optimization using response surface methodology and pyrolysis products characterization

Mohammed

Abakr

Yusup

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

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This study presents first optimization report on pyrolysis oil derived from Napier grass. Effects of temperature, heating rate and nitrogen flow rate on the intermediate pyrolysis of Napier grass biomass in a vertical fixed-bed tubular reactor were investigated collectively. Response surface methodology with central composite design was used for modelling the process and optimization of the process variables. Individual second order polynomial model was found to be adequate in predicting bio-oil, bio-char and non-condensable gas yield. The optimum bio-oil yield of 50.57 wt% was recorded at 600 o C, 50 o C/min and 5 L/min nitrogen flow. The bio-oil obtained throughout this study was two-phase liquid, organic and aqueous phase. The bio-oil, bio-char and non-condensable gas were characterized using standard analytical techniques. The results revealed that the organic phase consists of hydrocarbons and various benzene derivatives, which can be further processed into fuels and valuable chemicals. The aqueous phase was predominantly water, acids, ketones, aldehydes and some phenolics and other water-soluble organics. The non-condensable gas was made up high hydrogen/carbon monoxide ratio suitable Page 2 of 37 for liquid fuel synthesis via Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. The bio-char was a porous carbonaceous material with high energy content, which can be applied as a solid fuel, adsorbent or source of biofertilizer. This study demonstrated that Napier grass biomass is a viable feedstock for production of high-value bioenergy precursors.

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“…On the basis of our previous research [7], temperature had the most influence on bio-oil yield than batch holding time and algae/water (a/w) ratio but the treating pressure reflecting by water density had little effect on it. Therefore, effect of pressure is not presented here and we conducted experiments of algae HTL at different temperatures (280℃ and 350℃).…”

Section: Hydrothermal Liquefaction Of Algaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, many researchers have mainly focused on HTLs of different algae such as Spirulina [3], Chlorella [4], EP [5], Dunaliella [6], Cyanophyta [7] and Nannochloropsis sp. [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-oil Production from Different Algae: Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Spirulina, Cyanophyta and Enteromorpha Prolifera

Song¹,

Wang²

2017

dtetr

Self Cite

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Abstract. Bio-oil based on algae has good development foreground and its manufacturing technology is the key problem for industrialized application. This study investigated HTL process and reaction mechanism of Spirulina, Enteromorpha prolifera (EP) and Cyanophyta through analysis and comparison of yields, HHV and organic compositions of bio-oil comprehensively. We found that Spirulina had the highest bio-oil yield of 30.4%. Severe conditions benefited more light bio-oil fraction and less heavy bio-oil fraction. HHV of bio-oil was nearly twice than algae feedstock and the highest value was 37.69 MJ/kg from Cyanophyta at 350℃, 30 min and a/w 1/4. GC-MS results showed that bio-oil from Spirulina and Cyanophyta mainly contained more amides, amines, phenols. Bio-oil from Cyanophyta and EP which had much carbohydrate could contain a portion of ketones, which could be intermediate products of Maillard reaction in HTL process.

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Hydrothermal liquefaction of Cyanophyta: Evaluation of potential bio-crude oil production and component analysis

Cited by 43 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of Pretreatments of Napier Grass with Deionized Water, Sulfuric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide on Pyrolysis Oil Characteristics

Effects of Pretreatments of Napier Grass with Deionized Water, Sulfuric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide on Pyrolysis Oil Characteristics

Valorization of Napier grass via intermediate pyrolysis: Optimization using response surface methodology and pyrolysis products characterization

Bio-oil Production from Different Algae: Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Spirulina, Cyanophyta and Enteromorpha Prolifera

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