Hydrothermal liquefaction of cellulose to bio-oil under acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions

Yin, Shu; Tan, Zhongchao

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.10.041

Cited by 227 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These aromatic compounds were formed via condensation and cyclization of unstable intermediates [45]. Meanwhile, higher production of short chain organic acids was observed, which was due to sugar degradation under alkali conditions [46].…”

Section: Analyses Of the Liquid Products And Reaction Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Enhanced by Various Chemicals as a Means of Sustainable Dairy Manure Treatment

et al. 2018

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Abstract:Because of the increase in concentrated animal feeding operations, there is a growing interest in sustainable manure management. In this study, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of dairy manure enhanced by various chemicals (NH 3 ·H 2 O, H 3 PO 4 , and glycerol) was proposed as a sustainable alternative for the dairy manure management. The applications of NH 3 ·H 2 O and H 3 PO 4 during HTL could significantly enhance the production of liquid chemicals. The addition of NH 3 ·H 2 O or glycerol increased the amounts of non-polar toluene, xylene, and other benzene-contained compounds, while the use of H 3 PO 4 produced high amounts of acids, pyridine, 3-methyl-pyridine, 2,6-dimethyl-pyrazine, 2-cyclopenten-1-ones, and phenols. The biochars produced via HTL showed a significant increase in the surface area/pore volume and relatively higher N, P, C, and other minerals, and may serve as a good soil amendment and nutrient source. The preliminary energy analyses showed that the energy consumption of this process might be reduced to 50% of the original energy content of the feedstock, and the energy payback period was about 3.5 years. Combining all advantages, HTL of dairy manure might increase the sustainability of the farming operation via producing energy products, fine chemicals, and biochars.

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Section: Analyses Of the Liquid Products And Reaction Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Enhanced by Various Chemicals as a Means of Sustainable Dairy Manure Treatment

et al. 2018

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“…resulted in lower glucose yield. This could be due to further reactions of glucose such as retroaldol condensation to eryhtrose, glycoaldehyde, and glyceraldehyde (Yin and Tan 2012).…”

Section: Analyses Of Variance (Anova)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reddy et al (2014) showed that hydrolysis of cellulose at supercritical region favors the radical based reactions in which gaseous products as hydrogen and carbon dioxide were produced. Yin and Tan (2012) investigated cellulose hydrolysis at neutral, acidic, and alkaline mediums under hydrothermal conditions and found that reaction pathway changed in favor of 5-HMF and levulinic acid under acidic environment. However, 5-HMF polymerized to tarry materials at higher reaction temperature and longer time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel hybrid process for the conversion of microcrystalline cellulose to value-added chemicals: part 1: process optimization

Akın

Yuksel

2016

Cellulose

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In this paper, a novel hybrid process for the treatment of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) under hot-compressed water was investigated by applying constant direct current on the reaction medium. Constant current range from 1A to 2A was applied through a cylindrical anode made of titanium to the reactor wall. Reactions were conducted using a specially designed batch reactor (450 mL) made of SUS 316 stainless steel for 30-120 min of reaction time at temperature range of 170-230°C. As a proton donor H 2 SO 4 was used at concentrations of 1-50 mM. Main hydrolysis products of MCC degradation in HCW were detected as glucose, fructose, levulinic acid, 5-HMF, and furfural. For the quantification of these products, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) were used. A fractional factorial design with 2-level of four factors; reaction time, temperature, H 2 SO 4 concentration and applied current with 3 center points were built and responses were statistically analyzed. Response surface methodology was used for process optimization and it was found that introduction of 1A current at 200°C to the reaction medium increased Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and cellulose conversions to 62 and 81 %, respectively. Moreover, application of current diminished the necessary reaction temperature and time to obtain high TOC and cellulose conversion values and hence decreased the energy required for cellulose hydrolysis to value added chemicals. Applied current had diverse effect on levulinic acid concentration (29.9 %) in the liquid product (230°C, 120 min., 2 A, 50 mM H 2 SO 4 ).

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“…This procedure results in high values of the ionic product and can be used for different kinds of biomass. This is due to the fact that the density and dielectric constant of water decreases while the hydrocarbon solubility increases [56][57][58][59]. Li, et al [60] applied this process to convert starch of rice, potato and sweet potato into reducing sugars which can be used for fermentation and ethanol production.…”

Section: Liquefaction Of Potato Peelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing, Valorization and Application of Bio-Waste Derived Compounds from Potato, Tomato, Olive and Cereals: A Review

Fritsch

Stäbler

Happel³

et al. 2017

Sustainability

156

102

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Abstract:The vast and ever-growing amount of agricultural and food wastes has become a major concern throughout the whole world. Therefore, strategies for their processing and value-added reuse are needed to enable a sustainable utilization of feedstocks and reduce the environmental burden. By-products of potato, tomato, cereals and olive arise in significant amounts in European countries and are consequently of high relevance. Due to their composition with various beneficial ingredients, the waste products can be valorized by different techniques leading to economic and environmental advantages. This paper focuses on the waste generation during industrial processing of potato, tomato, cereals and olives within the European Union and reviews state-of-the-art technologies for their valorization. Furthermore, current applications, future perspectives and challenges are discussed.

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Hydrothermal liquefaction of cellulose to bio-oil under acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions

Cited by 227 publications

References 39 publications

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Enhanced by Various Chemicals as a Means of Sustainable Dairy Manure Treatment

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Enhanced by Various Chemicals as a Means of Sustainable Dairy Manure Treatment

Novel hybrid process for the conversion of microcrystalline cellulose to value-added chemicals: part 1: process optimization

Processing, Valorization and Application of Bio-Waste Derived Compounds from Potato, Tomato, Olive and Cereals: A Review

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