Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) processing of unhydrolyzed solids (UHS) for hydrochar and its use for asymmetric supercapacitors with mixed (Mn,Ti)-Perovskite oxides

Amar, Vinod; Houck, Joseph D.; Maddipudi, Bharathkiran; Penrod, T.A.; Shell, Katelyn M.; Thakkar, Anuj; Shende, Anuradha; Hernández, Sergio; Kumar, Sandeep; Gupta, Ram B.; Shende, Rajesh V.

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2021.03.126

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Recently, we reported a novel (Mn:Ti)‐mixed oxide (52.7 wt% TiMnO 3 ‐perovskite and 47.3 wt% TiO 2 ‐rutile phases) cathode electrode for ASCs 24‐29 . As‐fabricated ASCs using this (Mn,Ti)‐mixed oxide material and graphene nanoplatelets showed a maximum specific capacitance of 345 F/g 26 . The unique perovskite phase in (Mn:Ti)‐mixed oxide maybe beneficial for superior energy storage mechanism due to possible bulk intercalation mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn stover‐derived porous carbon for asymmetric supercapacitors

et al. 2023

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In this investigation, hydrothermal liquefaction‐derived hydrochar from pulverized corn stover (avg. particle size 1.12 mm and ash content 6.75 wt%) is chemically activated with aqueous KOH in the presence of Pluronic F127 surfactant and thermally treated further up to 800°C to generate porous carbon (POC) with higher specific surface area and porosity. POC obtained under different processing conditions is thoroughly characterized by Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller surface area analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Metallic impurity present in POC is characterized by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Higher specific surface area POC is observed with the use of the surfactant during the activation process. Fully characterized POC is used with (Mn, Ti)‐mixed oxide electrode to fabricate asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC). Specific capacitance of ASC is measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique using Gamry G‐300 potentiostat/galvanostat/ZRA. CV plots are obtained with different voltage scan rates whereas galvanostatic charge‐discharge plots are studied by varying the current density. Renewable corn stover‐derived POC prepared using Pluronic F127/KOH activation method is found to be highly suitable as an electrode material because of higher capacitance and electrochemical stability over 100 charging‐discharging cycles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn stover‐derived porous carbon for asymmetric supercapacitors

et al. 2023

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“…Figure shows the FT-IR analysis of samples. The absorption bands at 1725 cm –1 (CO), 1633 cm –1 (CC), 1551 cm –1 (−COO−), and 1069 cm –1 (C–O) , were typical absorption peaks for acidified CNTs. Multiple sharp absorption peaks were observed at 3224 cm –1 , assigned to the N–H characteristic peak, 2919 cm –1 was the C–H stretching, 1578 and 1493 cm –1 were the polyaniline aromatic ring, 1374, 1302, and 1244 cm –1 were peaks assigned to aromatic amine groups, and 1131 and 799 cm –1 were the in-plane and out-of-plane bending vibration peaks of polyaniline ring, respectively. , These characteristic peaks indicated the successful formation of polyaniline.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable Preparation of Cu NPs/CNTs@PANI Composites as Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors

et al. 2022

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Copper nanoparticles are uniformly supported on acidified carbon nanotubes (CNTs/Cu NPs) by a mild liquid-phase reduction method without surfactants or bridging molecules. The surface of copper nanoparticles is smooth without impurities. Then, polystyrene (PS) microspheres are prepared by emulsion polymerization and composited with CNTs/Cu NPs (CNTs/Cu NPs/PS). Nanocopper/carbon nanotubes as the core and polyaniline as the shell were prepared via situ polymerization as a core–shell structure (PANI@CNTs/Cu NPs/PS). At a high temperature, the PS cracks and eliminates materials, forming porous structures, and the polyaniline is carbonized, realizing nitrogen doping of the material (NCMP). The results indicated that the acidified carbon nanotubes played a crucial role in the synthesis procedure, achieving consistent growth of copper on carbon nanotubes. The size of evenly dispersed copper nanoparticles is about 5–15 nm. When NCMP is applied as an electrode material, it demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance as a high-performance supercapacitor.

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“…An HTL process was used to convert the low-ash content corn stover to value-added products such as biochar, bio-oil, lactic acid, and phenol in a PARR reactor. Details of the HTL conversion process were given elsewhere. ,, The HTL reaction was carried out at a temperature of 275 °C, an initial N 2 pressure of 100 psig., 2 h reaction time, and 1:10 biomass to solvent (water) ratio in the presence of Ni-based catalytic salts at 5 wt % concentration. Throughout the conversion process, anaerobicity in the reaction chamber is maintained by continually purging the contents in the reactor with industrial-grade N 2 for 20 min, and the stirring rate of the PARR reactor was fixed to 1300 rpm.…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphitized Biocarbon Derived from Hydrothermally Liquefied Low-Ash Corn Stover

Shell

Amar

Bobb

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Graphitized biocarbon can be utilized for energy-storage applications such as supercapacitors. The scientific community has geared its attention to obtain such value-added products from abundantly available and low-cost biomass feedstock agricultural residues such as corn stover. Lignocellulosic components embedded within the cell wall of biomass substrates can provide a fine template for enhanced ion storage, transport, and rate capabilities, desirable for electrochemical storage. Presented is the utilization of homogenized low-ash content corn stover milled and sieved to desired specifications, which underwent hydrothermal liquefaction in the presence of Ni-based catalytic salts at 275 °C. The hydrochar obtained using the solid residue extracted from the reaction slurry was washed to acid neutral. The materials were subjected to catalytic activation using ZnCl 2 followed by thermal annealing at 400 °C for morphological and pore size enhancement of the resulting biochar. Carbonization was performed on acid-neutralized hydrochar at 850 °C to further enhance pore structures and increase graphitization for improved conductivity. Catalytic materials exhibited a specific capacitance of 316 F g −1 and held a 100% retention beyond 10,000 cycles. The Brunauer−Emmett−Teller method, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are discussed herein.

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Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) processing of unhydrolyzed solids (UHS) for hydrochar and its use for asymmetric supercapacitors with mixed (Mn,Ti)-Perovskite oxides

Cited by 23 publications

References 99 publications

Corn stover‐derived porous carbon for asymmetric supercapacitors

Corn stover‐derived porous carbon for asymmetric supercapacitors

Controllable Preparation of Cu NPs/CNTs@PANI Composites as Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors

Graphitized Biocarbon Derived from Hydrothermally Liquefied Low-Ash Corn Stover

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