Hydrothermal karst and associated breccias in Neoproterozoic limestone from the Barker-Villa Cacique area (Tandilia belt), Argentina

Dristas, Jorge A.; Martínez, Juan C. Garro; Kerkhof, Alfons M. van den; Massonne, H.-J.; Theye, Thomas; Frisicale, María Cristina; Gregori, Daniel Alfredo

doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2017.03.002

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The presence of dripstones (stalactites) points out to karstification associated with hydrothermal processes (hydrothermal paleokarst). The same phenomena have also been noted at other sites throughout the world (e.g., Dublyansky 1995;Spötl et al 2009;Dristas et al 2017). For example, the basal speleothem calcite above the most altered marble of an alpine cave, Entrische Kirche (Austria), exhibited the more negative δ 18 O PDB values varying from − 9.4 to − 8.7% (Spötl et al 2009) whereas the calcite of phreatic crusts in large Hungarian caves showed the δ 18 O PDB values in the range of − 14.6 to − 9.5‰ (Dublyansky 1995).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

The Use of Museum Collection for Studying the Origin of “Rose-Like” Calcite in the Holy Cross Mountains (South–Central Poland)

Migaszewski

Fijałkowska-Mader

2019

Geoheritage

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The "rose-like" calcite belongs to the most beautiful decorative carbonate rocks in the Holy Cross Mountains region in south-central Poland. This mineral occurs in the form of veins cutting Devonian limestones. The origin of the rose-like calcite was initially linked to the Variscan orogeny, but more recent studies, conducted in the 1990s of the twentieth century, documented quite a few generations of rose-like calcite mineralization and its Late Permian/Early Triassic age. It is interesting to note that the best example for studying the rose-like calcite provenance in the paleoenvironmental context is polished slabs facing six pillars in the Geological Museum of the Polish National Geological Institute-National Research Institute, Świętokrzyski Branch in Kielce. These calcite slabs come from the abandoned Mt. Zelejowa quarry located near Chęciny. Based on the calcite textural relationships and the results of stable C and O isotope determinations (changes in δ 13 C PDB and δ 18 O PDB values), the rose-like calcite from Mt. Zelejowa was postulated to be linked to the older and the younger post-Variscan (Permian/Triassic) phases. The δ 18 O PDB values indicated crystallization temperatures of hydrothermal fluids in the range of 21-59°C whereas the index Z, based on clumped δ 13 C PDB and δ 18 O PDB values (≥ 120), pointed to their marine provenance. No calcite sample showed a significant influence of meteoric waters. The hydrothermal activity took place in a terrestrial environment with developed karstification (hydrothermal paleokarst), which is evidenced by the presence of red-brown internal Fe-and Mn-rich precipitates and single dripstones (stalactites). The polished rose-like calcite slabs are a unique educational example of using stable C and O isotopes for discriminating hydrothermal from meteoric karst features. It should be emphasized that these specimens are the only complete collection retained from the current Mt. Zelejowa nature reserve. Both their scientific and educational values raise visitors' awareness of geoheritage and geodiversity protection.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

The Use of Museum Collection for Studying the Origin of “Rose-Like” Calcite in the Holy Cross Mountains (South–Central Poland)

Migaszewski

Fijałkowska-Mader

2019

Geoheritage

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“…In a paleogeographic worldwide context, the emergence of karst relief over Neoproterozoic carbonate shelfs appears to be related to the occurrence of global events, which may be related to climate, tectonics or sometimes both (Blake et al, 2011; Cavalcanti, 2022; Cazarin et al, 2019; Che et al, 2019; Dristas et al, 2017; Gómez‐Peral et al, 2023; Huang et al, 2011; Skotnicki et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The formation and evolution of Al‐rich protoliths in the southern Ribeira belt, Brazil: Insights from remnants of a Precambrian paleoweathering surface

Santos,

Fedalto,

Bahniuk

et al. 2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Bauxitic clays, clayey bauxites and bauxites are residual products formed from the weathering of aluminosilicate‐rich parent rocks under wet and warm conditions. These deposits show a complex interplay between remobilisation of pre‐existing kaolinitic soils and depositional micro‐environments.In the southern Ribeira belt, Brazil, a paleoweathering surface developed on the continental shelf of the Capiru Group passive margin strata and on its basement/source rocks. This weathering cycle gave rise to a paleosol profile on the continental domain and a karstic paleotopography on the emerged carbonate shelf. The surface and karstic nets were later caped and filled with Al‐rich materials, typical of remobilised soils, bauxitic clays, clayey bauxites and pods of karst‐type bauxites.The age of the disconformity is Pre‐Brazilian/Pan‐African, implying a Neoproterozoic age for the weathering surface. In this study, we investigate the relationship among disconformities, paleosols and karst topography to better understand the stratigraphic control, chemical composition and mineralogy of the Al‐rich materials. We interpret this horizon as the remnants of a (meta‐)paleoweathering surface that can serve as a valuable key bed for stratigraphic correlation and paleogeographic reconstructions.We propose that the triggering process for the genesis of the paleosol profiles, bauxitic material and bauxite pods was a coupled mechanism between favourable climate and uplift along the northern margin of the Curitiba–Angola craton, creating a karstic topography that allowed the down‐plain transport of Al‐rich materials. In a later stage, these deposits were metamorphosed, developing a series of Al silicates in unusual paragenesis, typical of Al‐rich protoliths.The presence of these paragenesis, along with the recognition of the disconformity–paleoweathering surface pair, could be a useful tool to understand the paleoenvironmental and paleogeographic evolution of highly deformed terrains.

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“…Some clasts in the breccia have an alteration halo (Figure 2b). These features are not observed in sedimentary, nondepositional, tectonic, hydraulic fracturing, or diagenetic breccia, but are similar to hydrothermal karst [6,7,52]. The pyrite from the Yemi breccia shows overgrowth and replacement textures ( Figure 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of Carbonate Breccia Containing Invisible Gold in Taebaeksan Basin, South Korea

Park

Lee

2020

Minerals

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The Yemi breccia developed and is distributed within the Paleozoic carbonate rock (Maggol Formation) in the central part of the Taebaeksan Basin, South Korea. Explanation for the genesis of the Yemi breccia has been controversial. We investigated the petrological and mineralogical properties of the breccia and the matrix materials at 60 outcrops. The Yemi breccia is divided into crackle, mosaic, and chaotic breccias based on morphology. In addition, these are divided into blackish, reddish, grayish, and white to pinkish matrix breccias according to the materials of the matrix. Quartz, calcite, pyrite, hematite (after pyrite), and minor epidote, chlorite, and opaque materials mainly comprise the matrix materials. The pyrite grains from the Yemi breccia can be divided into two types based on the mineral texture: diagenetic and hydrothermal. We analyzed the chemistry of pyrite and hematite (after pyrite) from the Yemi breccia with an electron probe X-ray microanalyzer (EPMA). Invisible gold was detected within the pyrite grains by EPMA and disseminated micron-sized isolated gold particles were discovered by backscattered electron (BSE) images. The texture of Au-bearing pyrite and gold particles in the Yemi breccia is especially well matched with pyrite and gold from the Shuiyindong Carlin-type hydrothermal gold deposits, China. Therefore, we suggest an important role of hydrothermal fluid in karstification within the Paleozoic carbonate rock.

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Hydrothermal karst and associated breccias in Neoproterozoic limestone from the Barker-Villa Cacique area (Tandilia belt), Argentina

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

The Use of Museum Collection for Studying the Origin of “Rose-Like” Calcite in the Holy Cross Mountains (South–Central Poland)

The Use of Museum Collection for Studying the Origin of “Rose-Like” Calcite in the Holy Cross Mountains (South–Central Poland)

The formation and evolution of Al‐rich protoliths in the southern Ribeira belt, Brazil: Insights from remnants of a Precambrian paleoweathering surface

Genesis of Carbonate Breccia Containing Invisible Gold in Taebaeksan Basin, South Korea

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