Hydrothermal gasification of pure and crude glycerol in supercritical water: A comparative study

Influence of Heterogeneous Catalysts and Reaction Parameters on the Acetylation of Glycerol to Acetin: A Review

“…There are three types of acetin depending on the number of the hydroxyl group substituted Given the low commercial value of the produced glycerol, its surplus, and possible environmental issues, efforts are ongoing to convert it to high-value products, which is expected to improve its commercial viability, biodiesel economics, and eliminate the perceived environmental concern of the surplus. The conversion of glycerol to the high valued products is usually done through various catalytic reactions such as hydrogenolysis [29,30], reforming [31,32], dehydration [33,34], carboxylation [35,36], oxidation [37,38], oligomerization [39,40], esterification or acetylation [41,42], etherification [43,44], acetalization [45,46], pyrolysis and gasification [47,48]. A good number of literature reviews are available to show the research activities in most of the reactions above [7,9,34,[49][50][51][52].…”

An Overview of Recent Research in the Conversion of Glycerol into Biofuels, Fuel Additives and other Bio-Based Chemicals

“…No char was observed in any of the experiments. In a similar work, Dianningrum et al [81] studied the effect of different operating conditions (temperature (500-650 • C), concentration (5-20 wt%) and residence time (15-120 min)) on pure glycerol and two different types of crude glycerol in supercritical water gasification. Results showed decreased hydrogen production in all the feedstocks with increase in concentration, and increased hydrogen with increase in temperature and residence time.…”

Conversion of crude and pure glycerol into derivatives: A feasibility evaluation

“…The quantity of NaOH affects the concentration of the produced H 2 ; PG produces 24.1% mol H 2 /mol C, and CG yields 18.9% mol H 2 /mol C [54]. Dianningrum et al [55] investigated the reforming of glycerol in supercritical water and demonstrated that the reactivity and yield of H 2 are improved by the alkali salts of CG. However, the presence of FAME in CG leads to poor gasification because large amounts of tar/char are produced during gasification.…”

“…H 2 production from CG via steam reforming has shown promising results compared with supercritical water and aqueous reforming routes [51,52,[54][55][56][57]. Steam reforming performed at increased temperature in a continuous flow reactor system has aided impurities, such as methanol and water, to generate high-purity H 2 .…”